From cee90ae0fce6d6aee8d78969b60c952c8890abd6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Francis Rowe Date: Fri, 11 Jul 2014 08:53:00 +0000 Subject: Libreboot release 6 beta 1. --- docs/howtos/cbfstool_libreboot5_strace | 48 +++++ docs/howtos/grub_boot_installer.html | 73 +++++++ docs/howtos/grub_cbfs.html | 131 ++++++++++++ docs/howtos/t60_mainboard/t60_ati_gpu.jpg | Bin 0 -> 94538 bytes docs/howtos/t60_mainboard/t60_intel_gpu.jpg | Bin 0 -> 61298 bytes docs/howtos/x60_unbrick.html | 302 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ docs/howtos/x60_unbrick/0000.jpg | Bin 0 -> 53772 bytes docs/howtos/x60_unbrick/0001.jpg | Bin 0 -> 38997 bytes docs/howtos/x60_unbrick/0002.jpg | Bin 0 -> 31435 bytes docs/howtos/x60_unbrick/0003.jpg | Bin 0 -> 29815 bytes docs/howtos/x60_unbrick/0004.jpg | Bin 0 -> 42084 bytes docs/howtos/x60_unbrick/0005.jpg | Bin 0 -> 42715 bytes docs/howtos/x60_unbrick/0006.jpg | Bin 0 -> 33748 bytes docs/howtos/x60_unbrick/0007.jpg | Bin 0 -> 45537 bytes docs/howtos/x60_unbrick/0008.jpg | Bin 0 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docs/howtos/x60_unbrick/0043.jpg create mode 100644 docs/howtos/x60_unbrick/0044.jpg create mode 100644 docs/howtos/x60_unbrick/0045.jpg create mode 100644 docs/howtos/x60_unbrick/0046.jpg create mode 100644 docs/howtos/x60_unbrick/0047.jpg create mode 100644 docs/howtos/x60_unbrick/0048.jpg create mode 100644 docs/howtos/x60_unbrick/0049.jpg (limited to 'docs/howtos') diff --git a/docs/howtos/cbfstool_libreboot5_strace b/docs/howtos/cbfstool_libreboot5_strace new file mode 100644 index 00000000..7e3794f7 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/howtos/cbfstool_libreboot5_strace @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ +# strace ./cbfstool coreboot.rom add -n grub.cfg -f grub.cfg -t raw +execve("./cbfstool", ["./cbfstool", "coreboot.rom", "add", "-n", "grub.cfg", "-f", "grub.cfg", "-t", "raw"], [/* 25 vars */]) = 0 +brk(0) = 0x9577000 +access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) +mmap2(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb76f6000 +access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) +open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 +fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=94605, ...}) = 0 +mmap2(NULL, 94605, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0xb76de000 +close(3) = 0 +access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) +open("/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 +read(3, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0\3\0\1\0\0\0\220\232\1\0004\0\0\0"..., 512) = 512 +fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1775080, ...}) = 0 +mmap2(NULL, 1784604, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0xb752a000 +mmap2(0xb76d8000, 12288, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x1ae) = 0xb76d8000 +mmap2(0xb76db000, 11036, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb76db000 +close(3) = 0 +mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb7529000 +set_thread_area({entry_number:-1 -> 6, base_addr:0xb7529900, limit:1048575, seg_32bit:1, contents:0, read_exec_only:0, limit_in_pages:1, seg_not_present:0, useable:1}) = 0 +mprotect(0xb76d8000, 8192, PROT_READ) = 0 +mprotect(0x8067000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 +mprotect(0xb7719000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 +munmap(0xb76de000, 94605) = 0 +brk(0) = 0x9577000 +brk(0x9598000) = 0x9598000 +open("grub.cfg", O_RDONLY) = 3 +fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=810, ...}) = 0 +mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb76f5000 +fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=810, ...}) = 0 +_llseek(3, 0, [0], SEEK_SET) = 0 +read(3, "set default=\"0\"\nset timeout=1\nse"..., 810) = 810 +_llseek(3, 810, [810], SEEK_SET) = 0 +close(3) = 0 +munmap(0xb76f5000, 4096) = 0 +open("coreboot.rom", O_RDONLY) = 3 +fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2097152, ...}) = 0 +mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb76f5000 +fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2097152, ...}) = 0 +_llseek(3, 2097152, [2097152], SEEK_SET) = 0 +_llseek(3, 0, [0], SEEK_SET) = 0 +mmap2(NULL, 2101248, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb7328000 +read(3, "LARCHIVE\0\0\6\30\0\0\1\252\0\0\0\0\0\0\0(cmos_lay"..., 2097152) = 2097152 +close(3) = 0 +munmap(0xb76f5000, 4096) = 0 +--- SIGSEGV (Segmentation fault) @ 0 (0) --- ++++ killed by SIGSEGV +++ +Segmentation fault diff --git a/docs/howtos/grub_boot_installer.html b/docs/howtos/grub_boot_installer.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..9377cfc1 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/howtos/grub_boot_installer.html @@ -0,0 +1,73 @@ + + + + + + + + + Libreboot documentation: installing GNU/Linux + + + +
+

Boot a GNU/Linux installer on USB

+ +
+

How to boot from USB

+

+ Connect the USB drive. Check dmesg:
+ $ dmesg +

+

+ Check that it wasn't automatically mounted. If it was, unmount it. For example:
+ $ sudo umount /dev/sdb1
+ # umount /dev/sdb1 +

+

+ dmesg told you what device it is. Overwrite the drive, writing your distro ISO to it with dd. For example:
+ $ sudo dd if=gnulinux.iso of=/dev/sdb bs=8M; sync
+ # dd if=gnulinux.iso of=/dev/sdb bs=8M; sync +

+

+ Boot it in GRUB using the "Parse ISOLINUX config (USB)" option (it's in default libreboot grub.cfg, at least). +

+

+ If the ISOLINUX parser won't work, then press C to get to GRUB command line.
+ ls
+ Get the device from above output, eg (usb0). Example:
+ cat (usb0)/isolinux/isolinux.cfg
+ Either this will show the ISOLINUX menuentries for that ISO, or link to other .cfg files, for example /isolinux/foo.cfg.
+ If it did that, then you do:
+ cat (usb0)/isolinux/foo.cfg
+ And so on, until you find the correct menuentries for ISOLINUX. +

+

+ Now look at the ISOLINUX menuentry. It'll look like:
+ 

+	  kernel /path/to/kernel
+	  append PARAMETERS initrd=/path/to/initrd MAYBE_MORE_PARAMETERS
+
+ GRUB works the same way, but in it's own way. Example GRUB commands:
+ linux (usb0)/path/to/kernel PARAMETERS MAYBE_MORE_PARAMETERS
+ initrd (usb0)/path/to/initrd
+ boot
+ Of course this will vary from distro to distro. If you did all that correctly, it should now be booting the ISO + the way you specified. +

+ +
+ +

+ Copyright © 2014 Francis Rowe, All Rights Reserved.
+ See ../license.html for license conditions. +

+ + diff --git a/docs/howtos/grub_cbfs.html b/docs/howtos/grub_cbfs.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..84466866 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/howtos/grub_cbfs.html @@ -0,0 +1,131 @@ + + + + + + + + + Libreboot documentation: GRUB menu + + + +
+

How to change your default GRUB menu

+ +
+ +

+ Libreboot on X60/T60/macbook21 uses the GRUB2 payload, which means that the grub.cfg (which is where your GRUB menu comes from) is inside the ROM along with + GRUB itself, executed by libreboot directly in the SPI flash chip. In context, this means that installing distributions and managing them is handled slightly differently + compared to traditional BIOS systems. +

+ +

+ A coreboot or libreboot ROM is not simply "flat"; there is an actual filesystem inside called CBFS (coreboot filesystem). A utility called 'cbfstool' + allows you to change the contents of the ROM. In this case, libreboot is configured such that the grub.cfg exists directly inside CBFS instead of + inside the grub.elf payload's 'memdisk' (which is itself stored in CBFS). +

+ +

+ Here is an excellent writeup about CBFS (coreboot filesystem): http://lennartb.home.xs4all.nl/coreboot/col5.html. +

+ +
+ +

+ Download libreboot_src.tar.gz or libreboot_bin.tar.gz from http://libreboot.org/ +
If you downloaded libreboot_meta.tar.gz, refer to ../index.html#build_meta before continuing. +

+ +

+ On apt-get distributions such as Trisquel you can install the build dependency (GCC) by running:
+ $ sudo apt-get install build-essential +

+ +

+ If you are working with libreboot_src, then you can run make command in libreboot_src/coreboot/util/cbfstool to build the cbfstool and rmodtool + executable. +

+

+ Alternatively if you are working with libreboot_bin, then you can run ./builddeps-cbfstool command inside libreboot_bin/; a cbfstool and rmodtool + executable will appear under libreboot_bin/ +

+ +

+ You can work directly with one of the ROM's already included in libreboot_bin.tar.gz. For the purpose of this tutorial it is assumed + that your ROM is named 'coreboot.rom' so please make sure to adapt. +

+ +

+ If you want to re-use the ROM that you currently have flashed (and running) then see ../index.html#build_flashrom + and then run:
+ $ sudo ./flashrom -p internal -r coreboot.rom
+ Notice that this is using "-r" (read) instead of "-w" (write). This will create a dump (copy) of your current firmware and name it coreboot.rom. You need to take ownership of the file. For example:
+ $ sudo chown yourusername:yourusername coreboot.rom
+ # chown yourusername:yourusername coreboot.rom +

+ +

+ Display contents of ROM:
+ $ ./cbfstool coreboot.rom print +

+ +

+ The coreboot.rom file contains your grub.cfg. +

+ +

+ Extract grub.cfg from the ROM:
+ $ ./cbfstool coreboot.rom extract -n grub.cfg -f grub.cfg +

+ +

+ Now you have a grub.cfg in cbfstool directory. Edit it however you wish. +

+ +

+ Delete the grub.cfg that remained inside the ROM:
+ $ ./cbfstool coreboot.rom remove -n grub.cfg +

+ +

+ Display ROM contents and now you see grub.cfg no longer exists there:
+ $ ./cbfstool coreboot.rom print +

+ +

+ Add the modified version that you just made:
+ $ ./cbfstool coreboot.rom add -n grub.cfg -f grub.cfg -t raw +

+ +

+ Now display ROM contents again and see that it exists again:
+ $ ./cbfstool coreboot.rom print +

+ +

+ Now you have a modified ROM. Refer back to ../index.html#flashrom for information + on how to flash it. +

+ +

+ Anecdotally, a user reported that segmentation faults occur with cbfstool when using this procedure depending on the size of the grub.cfg being re-insterted. In his case, a minimum size of 857 bytes was required. This could (at the time of this release) be a bug in cbfstool that should be investigated with the coreboot community. If cbfstool segfaults, then keep this in mind. 'strace' (or gdb? clang?) could be used for debugging. This was in libreboot 5th release (based on coreboot from late 2013). Not sure if the issue perists in the 6th release (based on coreboot from June 1st, 2014 at the time of writing); I have never personally encountered the bug. strace (from that user) is here: cbfstool_libreboot5_strace. The issue has been reported by a few users, so does not happen all the time: this bug (if it still exists) could (should) be reproduced. +

+ +
+ +

+ Copyright © 2014 Francis Rowe, All Rights Reserved.
+ See ../license.html for license conditions. +

+ + + diff --git a/docs/howtos/t60_mainboard/t60_ati_gpu.jpg b/docs/howtos/t60_mainboard/t60_ati_gpu.jpg new file mode 100644 index 00000000..d2c83db2 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/howtos/t60_mainboard/t60_ati_gpu.jpg differ diff --git a/docs/howtos/t60_mainboard/t60_intel_gpu.jpg b/docs/howtos/t60_mainboard/t60_intel_gpu.jpg new file mode 100644 index 00000000..46fc5619 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/howtos/t60_mainboard/t60_intel_gpu.jpg differ diff --git a/docs/howtos/x60_unbrick.html b/docs/howtos/x60_unbrick.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..10f66b4d --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/howtos/x60_unbrick.html @@ -0,0 +1,302 @@ + + + + + + + + + Libreboot documentation: Unbricking the ThinkPad X60 + + + + +
+

Unbricking the ThinkPad X60

+ +
+ +

Or go back to main index

+ +

Table of Contents

+ + +

Hardware requirements

+ + +

Software requirements

+ + +

Brick type 1: bucts not reset.

+

+ You still have Lenovo BIOS, or you had libreboot running and you flashed another ROM; and you had bucts 1 set and + the ROM wasn't dd'd.* or if Lenovo BIOS was present and libreboot wasn't flashed.

+ + In this case, unbricking is easy: reset BUC.TS to 0 by removing that yellow cmos coin (it's a battery) and putting it back after a minute or two:
+

+ + *Those dd commands should be applied to all newly compiled X60 ROM's (the ROM's in libreboot binary archives already have this applied!):
+ dd if=coreboot.rom of=top64k.bin bs=1 skip=$[$(stat -c %s coreboot.rom) - 0x10000] count=64k
+ dd if=coreboot.rom bs=1 skip=$[$(stat -c %s coreboot.rom) - 0x20000] count=64k | hexdump
+ dd if=top64k.bin of=coreboot.rom bs=1 seek=$[$(stat -c %s coreboot.rom) - 0x20000] count=64k conv=notrunc
+ (doing this makes the ROM suitable for use when flashing a machine that still has Lenovo BIOS running, + using those instructions: http://www.coreboot.org/Board:lenovo/x60/Installation. +

+ +

bad rom (or user error), machine won't boot

+

+ In this scenario, you compiled a ROM that had an incorrect configuration, or there is an actual bug preventing your machine from + booting. Or, maybe, you set BUC.TS to 0 and shut down after first flash while Lenovo BIOS was running. In any case, your machine is bricked and will not boot at all. +

+

+ "Unbricking" means flashing a known-good (working) ROM. The problem: you can't boot the machine, making this difficult. In this situation, external hardware (see hardware requirements above) is needed which can flash the SPI chip (where libreboot resides). +

+

+ Remove those screws:
+ +

+

+ Push the keyboard forward (carefully):
+ +

+

+ Lift the keyboard up and disconnect it from the board:
+ +

+

+ Grab the right-hand side of the chassis and force it off (gently) and pry up the rest of the chassis:
+ +

+

+ You should now have this:
+ +

+

+ Disconnect the wifi antenna cables, the modem cable and the speaker:
+ +

+

+ Unroute the cables along their path, carefully lifting the tape that holds them in place. Then, disconnect the modem + cable (other end) and power connection and unroute all the cables so that they dangle by the monitor hinge on the right-hand + side:
+ +

+

+ Disconnect the monitor from the motherboard, and unroute the grey antenna cable, carefully lifting the tape + that holds it into place:
+ +

+

+ Carefully lift the remaining tape and unroute the left antenna cable so that it is loose:
+ +

+

+ Remove the screw that is highlighted (do NOT remove the other one; it holds part of the heatsink (other side) into place):
+ +

+

+ Remove those screws:
+ +

+

+ Carefully remove the plate, like so:
+ +

+

+ Remove the SATA connector:
+ +

+

+ Now remove the motherboard (gently) and cast the lcd/chassis aside:
+ +

+

+ Lift back that tape and hold it with something. Highlighted is the SPI flash chip:
+ +

+

+ At this point, you should wire up your programmer according to it's documentation. For me, this was (see: "SparkFun cable pin reference"):
+ http://dangerousprototypes.com/docs/Common_Bus_Pirate_cable_pinouts.
+ Correlating with the following information, I was able to wire up my pirate correctly:
+ http://flashrom.org/Bus_Pirate#Connections
+ And by following that advice:
+ http://www.coreboot.org/Board:lenovo/x60/Installation#Howto.
+ Note: that last page says to wire up only those 5 pins (see below) like that: 1, 2, 4, 5, 6.
+ Note: and then, for power it says (on that coreboot.org page) to connect the power jack to the board and connect the + AC adapter (without powering on the board).
+ Note: I ignored that advice, and wired up all 8 pins. And it worked.
+ + Here is the pinout (correlate it with your programmer's documentation):
+ +

+ +

+ My programmer, usb cable and clip:
+
+ My programmer (bus pirate):
+
+ My clip (pomona 5250):
+
+ My USB mini a to b cable:
+
+ Connecting the pomona:
+
+ Connecting the USB cable from programmer to 2nd(working/non-bricked) computer, my T60:
+
+ Programmer is now active:
+
+ Now I install flashrom on the T60 (running Trisquel GNU/Linux) and do this:
+ flashrom -p buspirate_spi:dev=/dev/ttyUSB0 -w coreboot.rom
+ Note: this is using buspirate as the programmer, so it is flashing the X60, not the T60!
+ Here's my terminal window on the T60:
+
+ So, you should see the following:
+ -- + 

+			flashrom v0.9.5.2-r1517 on Linux 3.2.0-61-generic (i686), built with libpci 3.1.8, GCC 4.6.3, little endian
+			flashrom is free software, get the source code at http://www.flashrom.org
+
+			Calibrating delay loop... delay loop is unreliable, trying to continue OK.
+			Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L1605" (2048 kB, SPI) on buspirate_spi.
+			Reading old flash chip contents... done.
+			Erasing and writing flash chip... Erase/write done.
+			Verifying flash... VERIFIED. 
+
+ --
+ At the end it says "VERIFIED", which means that the procedure worked. If you see this, it means + that you can put your X60 back together. So let's do that now. +

+

+ Remove the programmer and put it away somewhere. Put back the tape and press firmly over it:
+ +

+

+ Your empty chassis:
+ +

+

+ Put the motherboard back in:
+ +

+

+ Reconnect SATA:
+ +

+

+ Put the plate back and re-insert those screws:
+ +

+

+ Re-route that antenna cable around the fan and apply the tape:
+ +

+

+ Route the cable here and then (not shown, due to error on my part) reconnect the monitor cable to the motherboard + and re-insert the screws:
+ +

+

+ Re-insert that screw:
+ +

+

+ Route the black antenna cable like so:
+ +

+

+ Tuck it in neatly like so:
+ +

+

+ Route the modem cable like so:
+ +

+

+ Connect modem cable to board and tuck it in neatly like so:
+ +

+

+ Route the power connection and connect it to the board like so:
+ +

+

+ Route the antenna and modem cables neatly like so:
+ +

+

+ Connect the wifi antenna cables. At the start of the tutorial, this machine had an Intel wifi chip. Here you see I've replaced it with an + Atheros AR5B95 (supports 802.11n and can be used without blobs):
+ +

+

+ Connect the modem cable:
+ +

+

+ Connect the speaker:
+ +

+

+ You should now have this:
+ +

+

+ Re-connect the upper chassis:
+ +

+

+ Re-connect the keyboard:
+ +

+

+ Re-insert the screws that you removed earlier:
+ +

+

+ Power on!
+ +

+

+ Trisquel live USB menu (using GRUB's ISOLINUX parser):
+ +

+

+ Trisquel live desktop:
+ +

+ +
+ +

+ Copyright © 2014 Francis Rowe, All Rights Reserved.
+ See ../license.html for license conditions. +

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