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diff --git a/docs/gnulinux/grub_boot_installer.md b/docs/gnulinux/grub_boot_installer.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..adab1da1 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/gnulinux/grub_boot_installer.md @@ -0,0 +1,287 @@ +<div id="pagetop" class="section"> + +How to install GNU+Linux on a libreboot system +============================================== + +This section relates to preparing, booting and installing a GNU+Linux +distribution on your libreboot system, using nothing more than a USB +flash drive (and *dd*). + +- [List of recommended GNU+Linux distributions](../distros) +- [Prepare the USB drive (in GNU+Linux)](#prepare) +- [Installing GNU+Linux with full disk encryption](#encryption) +- [Debian or Devuan net install?](#debian_netinstall) +- [Booting ISOLINUX images (automatic method)](#parse_isolinux) +- [Booting ISOLINUX images (manual method)](#manual_isolinux) +- [Troubleshooting](#troubleshooting) + +[Back to previous index](./) + +</div> + +<div class="section"> + +**This section is only for the GRUB payload. For depthcharge (used on +CrOS devices in libreboot), instructions have yet to be written in the +libreboot documentation.** + +</div> + +<div id="prepare" class="section"> + +Prepare the USB drive (in GNU+Linux) +------------------------------------ + +If you downloaded your ISO on an existing GNU+Linux system, here is how +to create the bootable GNU+Linux USB drive: + +Connect the USB drive. Check dmesg:\ +**\$ dmesg**\ +Check lsblk to confirm which drive it is:\ +**\$ lsblk** + +Check that it wasn\'t automatically mounted. If it was, unmount it. For +example:\ +**\$ sudo umount /dev/sdX\***\ +**\# umount /dev/sdX\*** + +dmesg told you what device it is. Overwrite the drive, writing your +distro ISO to it with dd. For example:\ +**\$ sudo dd if=gnulinux.iso of=/dev/sdX bs=8M; sync**\ +**\# dd if=gnulinux.iso of=/dev/sdX bs=8M; sync** + +You should now be able to boot the installer from your USB drive. +Continue reading, for information about how to do that. + +[Back to top of page](#pagetop). + +Prepare the USB drive (in NetBSD) +--------------------------------- + +[This +page](https://wiki.netbsd.org/tutorials/how_to_install_netbsd_from_an_usb_memory_stick/) +on the NetBSD website shows how to create a NetBSD bootable USB drive +from within NetBSD itself. You should use the *dd* method documented +there. This will also work with any GNU+Linux ISO image. + +Prepare the USB drive (in FreeBSD) +---------------------------------- + +[This page](https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/bsdinstall-pre.html) on +the FreeBSD website shows how to create a bootable USB drive for +installing FreeBSD. Use the *dd* on that page. You can also use the same +instructions with any GNU+Linux ISO image.. + +Prepare the USB drive (in LibertyBSD or OpenBSD) +------------------------------------------------ + +If you downloaded your ISO on a LibertyBSD or OpenBSD system, here is +how to create the bootable GNU+Linux USB drive: + +Connect the USB drive. Check dmesg:\ +**\$ dmesg | tail**\ +Check to confirm which drive it is, for example, if you think its sd3:\ +**\$ disklabel sd3** + +Check that it wasn\'t automatically mounted. If it was, unmount it. For +example:\ +**\$ doas umount /dev/sd3i**\ + +dmesg told you what device it is. Overwrite the drive, writing the +OpenBSD installer to it with dd. For example:\ +**\$ doas dd if=gnulinux.iso of=/dev/rsdXc bs=1M; sync**\ + +You should now be able to boot the installer from your USB drive. +Continue reading, for information about how to do that. + +[Back to top of page](#pagetop). + +</div> + +<div id="encryption" class="section"> + +Installing GNU+Linux with full disk encryption +---------------------------------------------- + +- [Installing Debian or Devuan GNU+Linux with full disk encryption + (including /boot)](encrypted_debian.html) +- [Installing Parabola GNU+Linux with full disk encryption (including + /boot)](encrypted_parabola.html) + +[Back to top of page](#pagetop). + +</div> + +<div id="debian_netinstall" class="section"> + +Debian or Devuan net install? +----------------------------- + +Download the Debian or Devuan net installer. You can download the ISO +from the homepage on [debian.org](https://www.debian.org/), or [the +Devuan homepage](https://www.devuan.org/) for Devuan. Use this on the +GRUB terminal to boot it from USB (for 64-bit Intel or AMD):\ +**set root=\'usb0\'\ +linux /install.amd/vmlinuz\ +initrd /install.amd/initrd.gz\ +boot\ +** If you are on a 32-bit system (e.g. X60):\ +**set root=\'usb0\'\ +linux /install.386/vmlinuz\ +initrd /install.386/initrd.gz\ +boot**\ +We recommend using the *MATE* desktop. + +[Back to top of page](#pagetop). + +</div> + +<div id="parse_isolinux" class="section"> + +Booting ISOLINUX images (automatic method) +------------------------------------------ + +Boot it in GRUB using the *Parse ISOLINUX config (USB)* option. A new +menu should appear in GRUB, showing the boot options for that distro; +this is a GRUB menu, converted from the usual ISOLINUX menu provided by +that distro. + +[Back to top of page](#pagetop). + +</div> + +<div id="manual_isolinux" class="section"> + +Booting ISOLINUX images (manual method) +--------------------------------------- + +*These are generic instructions. They may or may not be correct for your +distribution. You must adapt them appropriately, for whatever GNU+Linux +distribution it is that you are trying to install.* + +If the ISOLINUX parser or *Search for GRUB configuration* options won\'t +work, then press C in GRUB to access the command line.\ +grub> **ls**\ +Get the device from above output, eg (usb0). Example:\ +grub> **cat (usb0)/isolinux/isolinux.cfg**\ +Either this will show the ISOLINUX menuentries for that ISO, or link to +other .cfg files, for example /isolinux/foo.cfg.\ +If it did that, then you do:\ +grub> **cat (usb0)/isolinux/foo.cfg**\ +And so on, until you find the correct menuentries for ISOLINUX. **The +file */isolinux/foo.cfg* is a fictional example. Do not actually use +this example, unless you actually have that file, if it is +appropriate.** + +For Debian or Devuan (and other debian-based distros), there are +typically menuentries listed in */isolinux/txt.cfg* or +*/isolinux/gtk.cfg*. For dual-architecture ISO images (i686 and +x86\_64), there may be separate files/directories for each architecture. +Just keep searching through the image, until you find the correct +ISOLINUX configuration file. NOTE: Debian 8.6 ISO only lists 32-bit boot +options in txt.cfg. This is important if you want 64-bit booting on your +system. Devuan versions based on Debian 8.x may also have the same +issue. + +Now look at the ISOLINUX menuentry. It\'ll look like:\ +**kernel /path/to/kernel\ +append PARAMETERS initrd=/path/to/initrd MAYBE\_MORE\_PARAMETERS\ +** GRUB works the same way, but in it\'s own way. Example GRUB +commands:\ +grub> **set root=\'usb0\'**\ +grub> **linux /path/to/kernel PARAMETERS MAYBE\_MORE\_PARAMETERS**\ +grub> **initrd /path/to/initrd**\ +grub> **boot**\ +Note: *usb0* may be incorrect. Check the output of the *ls* command in +GRUB, to see a list of USB devices/partitions. Of course this will vary +from distro to distro. If you did all of that correctly, then it should +now be booting your USB drive in the way that you specified. + +[Back to top of page](#pagetop). + +</div> + +<div id="troubleshooting" class="section"> + +Troubleshooting +=============== + +Most of these issues occur when using libreboot with coreboot\'s \'text +mode\' instead of the coreboot framebuffer. This mode is useful for +booting payloads like memtest86+ which expect text-mode, but for +GNU+Linux distributions it can be problematic when they are trying to +switch to a framebuffer because it doesn\'t exist. + +In most cases, you should use the vesafb ROM images. Example filename: +libreboot\_ukdvorak\_vesafb.rom. + +parabola won\'t boot in text-mode +--------------------------------- + +Use one of the ROM images with vesafb in the filename (uses coreboot +framebuffer instead of text-mode). + +debian-installer graphical corruption in text-mode (Debian and Devuan) +---------------------------------------------------------------------- + +When using the ROM images that use coreboot\'s \"text mode\" instead of +the coreboot framebuffer, booting the Debian or Devuan net installer +results in graphical corruption because it is trying to switch to a +framebuffer which doesn\'t exist. Use that kernel parameter on the +\'linux\' line when booting it:\ +**vga=normal fb=false** + +This forces debian-installer to start in text-mode, instead of trying to +switch to a framebuffer. + +If selecting text-mode from a GRUB menu created using the ISOLINUX +parser, you can press E on the menu entry to add this. Or, if you are +booting manually (from GRUB terminal) then just add the parameters. + +This workaround was found on the page: +<https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/i386/ch05s04.html>. It should +also work for Debian, Devuan and any other apt-get distro that provides +debian-installer (text mode) net install method. + +[Back to top of page](#pagetop). + +</div> + +<div class="section"> + +Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016 Leah Rowe <info@minifree.org>\ +Copyright © 2016 Scott Bonds <scott@ggr.com>\ +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 +International license or any later version published by Creative +Commons; A copy of the license can be found at +[../cc-by-sa-4.0.txt](../cc-by-sa-4.0.txt) + +Updated versions of the license (when available) can be found at +<https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode> + +UNLESS OTHERWISE SEPARATELY UNDERTAKEN BY THE LICENSOR, TO THE EXTENT +POSSIBLE, THE LICENSOR OFFERS THE LICENSED MATERIAL AS-IS AND +AS-AVAILABLE, AND MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND +CONCERNING THE LICENSED MATERIAL, WHETHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED, STATUTORY, +OR OTHER. THIS INCLUDES, WITHOUT LIMITATION, WARRANTIES OF TITLE, +MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, +ABSENCE OF LATENT OR OTHER DEFECTS, ACCURACY, OR THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE +OF ERRORS, WHETHER OR NOT KNOWN OR DISCOVERABLE. WHERE DISCLAIMERS OF +WARRANTIES ARE NOT ALLOWED IN FULL OR IN PART, THIS DISCLAIMER MAY NOT +APPLY TO YOU. + +TO THE EXTENT POSSIBLE, IN NO EVENT WILL THE LICENSOR BE LIABLE TO YOU +ON ANY LEGAL THEORY (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, NEGLIGENCE) OR +OTHERWISE FOR ANY DIRECT, SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, +PUNITIVE, EXEMPLARY, OR OTHER LOSSES, COSTS, EXPENSES, OR DAMAGES +ARISING OUT OF THIS PUBLIC LICENSE OR USE OF THE LICENSED MATERIAL, EVEN +IF THE LICENSOR HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH LOSSES, +COSTS, EXPENSES, OR DAMAGES. WHERE A LIMITATION OF LIABILITY IS NOT +ALLOWED IN FULL OR IN PART, THIS LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. + +The disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above +shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most +closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability. + +</div> |