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diff --git a/i18n/fr_FR/docs/install/rpi_setup.md b/i18n/fr_FR/docs/install/rpi_setup.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..213931f4 --- /dev/null +++ b/i18n/fr_FR/docs/install/rpi_setup.md @@ -0,0 +1,401 @@ +--- +title: Comment programmer une puce flash SPI avec la Raspberry Pi +... + +Ce document existe comme un guide pour lire de ou écrire dans une puce flash +SPI avec la Raspberry Pi, utilisant le logiciel [flashrom](http://flashrom.org/Flashrom) +La plupart des révisions de la RPi devrait marcher. + +Le projet Libreboot recommande d'utiliser [GNU+Linux sans blob]() + +This document exists as a guide for reading from or writing to an SPI flash +chip with the Raspberry Pi, using the [flashrom](http://flashrom.org/Flashrom) +software. Most revisions of the RPi should work. + +Le projet Libreboot recommande l'utilisation de [GNU+Linux sans blobs](https://blog.rosenzweig.io/blobless-linux-on-the-pi.html) +sur la Raspberry Pi, pour éviter d'avoir à éxecuter des logiciels non-libres. C'est devenu +seulement possible en Février 2017 et les instructions ci-dessous ne sont +pas encore mises à jour avec les étapes nécessaires, donc silvouplaît ne suivez pas les +étapes ci-dessous à moins que vous consentez à éxecuter des logiciels non-libre sur votre +Raspberry Pi. + +Cela concerne seulement les puces flash SOIC-8 pour l'instant. Le guide pour les +SOIC-16 viendra plus tard (pour l'instant, ça devrait être facile pour vous de déduire ce +qu'il y a faire pour les SOIC-16). + + +Raspberry Pi (ThinkPad X60/T60 et Macbook 2,1) +------------------------------------------------ + +La Raspberry Pi (un ordinateur GNU+Linux versatile pour \$25) peut être utilisé comme +un outil de flashage de BIOS, grâce à ses broches GPIO et son support de SPI. + +Note: La Raspberry Pi Model A n'est pas supportée, puisqu'elle n'a pas de broches GPIO. +### Désassembler les ThinkPad + +Suivez le [manuel de maintenance matérielle X60](http://download.lenovo.com/ibmdl/pub/pc/pccbbs/mobiles_pdf/42x3550_04.pdf) +ou le [manuel de maintenance matérielle T60](http://download.lenovo.com/ibmdl/pub/pc/pccbbs/mobiles_pdf/42t7844_04.pdf) pour +désassembler l'ordinateur portable, jusqu'à ce que vous pouvez accéder la puce BIOS. + +Pour des photos, suivez le [Guide Libreboot de Récupération du T60](t60_unbrick.md). + + Sur le X60, la puce BIOS est sur le bas de la carte mère, sous une + couche de ruban adhésif noir protecteur. + + Sur le T60, la puce BIOS est juste en dessous du repose main, mais + bloqué par une plaque en magnésium (que vous aurez à enlever). + + +### Pomona Clip Pinout + +Diagram of the 26 GPIO Pins of the Raspberry Pi Model B (for the Model +B+ with 40 pins, start counting from the right and leave 14 pins): + +  + + 8-pin for X60: + + ~~~~ LCD (Front) ~~~~ + 8765 + ---- + | | + ---- + 1234 + ~~~ Palmrest (back) ~~ + + Pin \# SPI Pin Name BP (Seeed) BP (Spkfun) [Beagleboard Black](http://beagleboard.org/Support/bone101#headers) [Raspberry Pi](images/rpi/0000.jpg) + -------- -------------- ------------ ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- + 1 CS White Red Pin 17 24 + 2 MISO Black Brown Pin 21 21 + 3 *not used* *not used* *not used* *not used* *not used* + 4 GND Brown Black Pin 1 25 + 5 MOSI Gray Orange Pin 18 19 + 6 CLK Purple Yellow Pin 22 23 + 7 *not used* *not used* *not used* *not used* *not used* + 8 3.3V *red* White [3.3V PSU RED](bbb_setup.md) 17 + +Make sure the pinouts are correct; otherwise, Flashrom will fail to +detect a chip, or it will "detect" a `0x0` chip. Finally, make sure +that the Pomona clip makes contact with the metal wires of the chip. It +can be a challenge, but keep trying. + +### How to supply power to the flashchip + +There are two ways to supply power to the chip: plugging in an AC +adapter (without turning the laptop on), and using the 8th 3.3v pin. + +I have found that the SST chips work best with the 8th pin, while the +Macronix chips require an AC Adapter to power up. + +*Never connect both the 8th pin and the AC adapter at the same time.* + +Your results may vary. + +Reading the Flashchip +---------------------- + +First, visually inspect (with a magnifying glass) the type of flashchip +on the motherboard. + +Next, download and compile the latest Flashrom source code on the +Raspberry Pi. + + sudo apt-get install build-essential pciutils usbutils libpci-dev libusb-dev libftdi1 libftdi-dev zlib1g-dev subversion libusb-1.0-0-dev + svn co svn://flashrom.org/flashrom/trunk flashrom + cd flashrom + make + sudo modprobe spi_bcm2708 + sudo modprobe spidev + +If your chip is an SST, run this command: + + sudo ./flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev0.0 -r test.rom + +If your chip is a Macronix, run this command: + + sudo ./flashrom -c "MX25L1605" -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev0.0 -r test.rom + +Next, check the md5sum of the dump: + + md5sum test.rom + +Run the `flashrom` command again to make a second dump. Then, check the +md5sum of the second dump: + + md5sum test.rom + +If the md5sums match after three tries, `flashrom` has managed to read +the flashchip precisely (but not always accurately). You may try and +flash Libreboot now. + +Flashing Libreboot +------------------- + +Note: replace `/path/to/libreboot.rom` with the location of your chosen ROM, +such as `../bin/x60/libreboot_usqwerty.rom`): + +If your chip is an SST, run this command: + + sudo ./flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev0.0 -w /path/to/libreboot.rom + +If your chip is a Macronix, run this command: + + sudo ./flashrom -c "MX25L1605" -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev0.0 -w /path/to/libreboot.rom + +Once that command outputs the following, the flash has completed +successfully. If not, just flash again. + + Reading old flash chip contents... done. + Erasing and writing flash chip... Erase/write done. + Verifying flash... VERIFIED. + +### Sources + +- [Scruss - Simple ADC with the Raspberry + Pi](http://scruss.com/blog/2013/02/02/simple-adc-with-the-raspberry-pi/) +- [Flashing coreboot on a T60 with a Raspberry Pi - + the\_unconventional's + blog](https://web.archive.org/web/20150709043222/http://blogs.fsfe.org:80/the_unconventional/2015/05/08/coreboot-t60-raspberry-pi/) +- *Pomona SOIC Clip flashing* + - [Arch Linux Wiki - Installing Arch Linux on + Chromebook](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Chromebook) + - [Google Drive - Raspberry Pi SOIC Clip + connection](https://drive.google.com/folderview?id=0B9f62MH0umbmRTA2Xzd5WHhjWEU&usp=sharing) + - [rPI with Flashrom and SOIC Clip + Powerpoint](http://satxhackers.org/wp/hack-content/uploads/2013/04/rPI_flashrom.pdf) + +### Raspberry Pi Pinout Diagrams + + MCP 3008 Pin Pi GPIO Pin \# Pi Pin Name + ----- ---------- ---------------- -------------------- + 16 `VDD` 1 `3.3 V` + 15 `VREF` 1 `3.3 V` + 14 `AGND` 6 `GND` + 13 `CLK` 23 `GPIO11 SPI0_SCLK` + 12 `DOUT` 21 `GPIO09 SPI0_MISO` + 11 `DIN` 19 `GPIO10 SPI0_MOSI` + 10 `CS` 24 `GPIO08 CE0` + 9 `DGND` 6 `GND` + +- Source: [Perl & Raspberry Pi - Raspberry Pi GPIO + Pinout](http://raspberrypi.znix.com/hipidocs/topic_gpiopins.htm) + +Raspberry Pi (ThinkPad X200) +----------------------------- + +### Requirements: + +- An x86, x86\_64, or arm7l (for changing the libreboot.rom image mac + address) +- Raspberry Pi and peripherals +- Relevant SOIC clip +- 6 female - female jumpers +- Internet connection +- Screw drivers + +Follow the [ThinkPad X200: Initial installation +guide](x200_external.md) to +disassemble the laptop, and access the BIOS rom chip. + +Note: `x86#` refers to commands to be run on the x86 computer, and `pi#` refers +to commands to be run on the pi. A good practice is to make a work directory to +keep your libreboot stuff inside. + + x86# mkdir ~/work + +If you're running Raspian, you can do **sudo raspi-config**, enable SPI +under Advanced and then spidev will be enabled. Simple, eh? + +[Download Libreboot from their releases +page](../../download/). For your safety, verify the +GPG signature as well. + + x86# gpg --keyserver prefered.keyserver.org --recv-keys 0x656F212E + + x86# for signature in $(ls *.sig); do gpg --verify $signature; done + +Install dependencies: + + pi# sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install libftdi1 libftdi-dev libusb-dev libpci-dev subversion libusb-1.0-0-dev pciutils, zlib, libusb, build-essential + +Download and build flashrom. + + pi# svn co svn://flashrom.org/flashrom/trunk ~/flashrom + + pi# cd ~/flashrom + + pi# make + + pi# sudo make install + +On your x86 box change the libreboot.rom mac address + + x86# cd ~/work/libreboot_bin/ + +Change the mac address on the libreboot images to match yours. + + x86# ./ich9macchange XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX + +Move the libreboot.rom image over to your pi + + x86# scp ~/work/libreboot_bin/<path_to_your_bin> pi@your.pi.address:~/flashrom/libreboot.rom + +Shutdown your pi, write down your rom chip model, and wire up the clip + + pi# sudo shutdown now -hP + +Chip model name + + + +Pinout. You may want to download the image so you can zoom in on the +text. + + + + Pin \# SPI Pin Name Raspberry Pi Pin \# + -------- -------------- --------------------- + 1 *not used* *not used* + 2 3.3V 1 + 3 *not used* *not used* + 4 *not used* *not used* + 5 *not used* *not used* + 6 *not used* *not used* + 7 CS\# 24 + 8 S0/SIO1 21 + 9 *not used* *not used* + 10 GND 25 + 11 *not used* *not used* + 12 *not used* *not used* + 13 *not used* *not used* + 14 *not used* *not used* + 15 S1/SIO0 19 + 16 SCLK 23 + +Note: The raspberry pi 3.3V rail should be sufficient to power the chip during +flashing, so no external power supply should be required; however, at the time +of writing that has only been tested and confirmed for one chip, the +MX25L6405D. + +Macronix Spec sheet so you can adjust your pinout for 8 pin 4Mb chips as +necessary + + + +At this point connect your SOIC clip to the rom chip before powering on +your PI. + +Power on your Pi, and run the following. Ensure you swap out +"your\_chip\_name" with the proper name/model of your chip. Check that +it can be read successfully. If you cannot read the chip and receive an +error similar to "no EEPROM Detected" then +you may want to make sure that MISO/MOSI are not swapped around, check +with multimeter whether voltage is right and that ground is connected +between "programmer" and target. + + pi# cd ~/flashrom + + pi# ./flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev0.0,spispeed=512 --chip <your_chip_name> -r romread1.rom + + pi# ./flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev0.0,spispeed=512 --chip <your_chip_name> -r romread2.rom + + pi# ./flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev0.0,spispeed=512 --chip <your_chip_name> -r romread3.rom + + pi# sha512sum romread*.rom + +If they are identical sha512 hashes then you can generally assume that +it's safe to flash your rom. + + pi# ./flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev0.0,spispeed=512 --chip <your_chip_name> -w libreboot.rom + +It may fail a couple times, but keep at it and when you get the message +`Verifying flash... Verified` or +`Warning: Chip content is identical to the requested image` then you're +done. + +Shut down your pi, put your box back together, and install a libre OS +for great good! + +Raspberry Pi (C720 Chromebook) +------------------------------- + +The Raspberry Pi (a multipurpose \$25 GNU+Linux computer) can be used as +a BIOS flashing tool, thanks to its GPIO pins and SPI support. + +### [](#what-you-need){#user-content-what-you-need .anchor}What you need + +- \$25 - Raspberry Pi Model B (Rev.2 or higher) +- \$10-20 - SOIC-8 Pomona Clip + - Usually comes bundled with nice, color-colored *female to + female* wires + +### [](#raspberry-pi-pinouts){#user-content-raspberry-pi-pinouts .anchor}Raspberry Pi Pinouts + +GPIO Pinouts: + +  + +> \*Diagram made by ["Pacman" from Win-Raid +> Forums\*](http://www.win-raid.com/t58f16-Guide-Recover-from-failed-BIOS-flash-using-Raspberry-PI.md) + +SOIC Pinouts: + + + +### [](#plugging-in-the-soic-clip){#user-content-plugging-in-the-soic-clip .anchor}Plugging in the SOIC Clip + +We have to connect the Raspberry Pi to the SOIC Clip as shown in the +below diagram (using the f-f wires usually included with the Pomona +clip). + + + +(C720 Only?) The diagram depicts a "bridged" connection. You will need +to fashion one with some copper wire: + + + +Plug in the wires to the clip as shown below: + + + +Plug in the other end of the wires to the Raspberry Pi as shown below: + + + +(C720 only?) Plug in the "bridged" wires as shown below: + + + +Finally, put the Pomona SOIC clip on the chip: + + + +### Flashrom + +[Once it's all set up, flashrom works out of the +box.](http://www.flashrom.org/RaspberryPi) + +### Sources + +- *Pomona SOIC Clip flashing* + - [Arch Linux Wiki - Installing Arch Linux on + Chromebook](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Chromebook) + - [Google Drive - Raspberry Pi SOIC Clip + connection](https://drive.google.com/folderview?id=0B9f62MH0umbmRTA2Xzd5WHhjWEU&usp=sharing) + - [rPI with Flashrom and SOIC Clip + Powerpoint](http://satxhackers.org/wp/hack-content/uploads/2013/04/rPI_flashrom.pdf) + - [Tnhh - Unbricking Chromebook with + Beaglebone](http://www.tnhh.net/2014/08/25/unbricking-chromebook-with-beaglebone.md) +- *Use a DIY DIP System to flash an desoldered BIOS chip* + - [Viktak - How to recover laptop after failed BIOS + flash](http://diy.viktak.com/2014/07/how-to-recover-laptop-after-failed-bios.md) + - [Win-Raid - Recover from Failed BIOS Flashing using Raspberry + Pi](http://www.win-raid.com/t58f16-Guide-Recover-from-failed-BIOS-flash-using-Raspberry-PI.md) + +Copyright © 2014, 2015 Lawrence Wu <sagnessagiel@gmail.com>\ +Copyright © 2015 snuffeluffegus <>\ +Copyright © 2015 Kevin Keijzer <>\ +Copyright © 2016 Leah Rowe <info@minifree.org>\ + +This page is available under the [CC BY SA 4.0](../cc-by-sa-4.0.txt) |