aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/i18n/fr_FR/docs/gnulinux/encrypted_debian.md
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
authorLibreboot Contributor <contributor@libreboot.org>2020-03-18 17:20:14 +0100
committerLibreboot Contributor <contributor@libreboot.org>2020-03-18 17:20:27 +0100
commit0f6ea1c9e0a25a9b7546f96f27cef8841f0d09b5 (patch)
treea28b9403123dd6204eb2dd8cb44eada12c169f4b /i18n/fr_FR/docs/gnulinux/encrypted_debian.md
parent6e5bdd1271059a9c61c80b21001fd3d14ff25045 (diff)
downloadlibrebootfr-0f6ea1c9e0a25a9b7546f96f27cef8841f0d09b5.tar.gz
librebootfr-0f6ea1c9e0a25a9b7546f96f27cef8841f0d09b5.zip
Creation of i18n folder containing translations of the libreboot project. Added french one, not finished.
Diffstat (limited to 'i18n/fr_FR/docs/gnulinux/encrypted_debian.md')
-rw-r--r--i18n/fr_FR/docs/gnulinux/encrypted_debian.md318
1 files changed, 318 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/i18n/fr_FR/docs/gnulinux/encrypted_debian.md b/i18n/fr_FR/docs/gnulinux/encrypted_debian.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..23b4503f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/i18n/fr_FR/docs/gnulinux/encrypted_debian.md
@@ -0,0 +1,318 @@
+---
+title: Installing Debian or Devuan GNU+Linux with full disk encryption (including /boot)
+...
+
+This guide is written for the Debian distribution, but it should also
+work for Devuan with the net installer.
+
+Gigabyte GA-G41M-ES2L
+=====================
+
+To boot the Trisquel net installer, make sure to specify fb=false on the linux
+kernel parameters in GRUB. This will boot the installer in text mode instead
+of using a framebuffer.
+
+Moving on...
+============
+
+Libreboot on x86 uses the GRUB
+[payload](http://www.coreboot.org/Payloads#GRUB_2) by default, which
+means that the GRUB configuration file (where your GRUB menu comes from)
+is stored directly alongside libreboot and its GRUB payload executable,
+inside the flash chip. In context, this means that installing
+distributions and managing them is handled slightly differently compared
+to traditional BIOS systems.
+
+On most systems, the /boot partition has to be left unencrypted while
+the others are encrypted. This is so that GRUB, and therefore the
+kernel, can be loaded and executed since the firmware can't open a LUKS
+volume. Not so with libreboot! Since GRUB is already included directly
+as a payload, even /boot can be encrypted. This protects /boot from
+tampering by someone with physical access to the system.
+
+This guide is written for Debian net installer. You can download the ISO
+from the homepage on [debian.org](https://www.debian.org/). Use this on
+the GRUB terminal to boot it from USB (for 64-bit Intel or AMD):
+
+ set root='usb0'
+ linux /install.amd/vmlinuz
+ initrd /install.amd/initrd.gz
+ boot
+
+If you are on a 32-bit system (e.g. X60):
+
+ set root='usb0'
+ linux /install.386/vmlinuz
+ initrd /install.386/initrd.gz
+ boot
+
+[This guide](grub_boot_installer.md) shows how to create a boot USB
+drive with the Debian ISO image.
+
+*This guide is only for the GRUB payload. If you use the depthcharge payload,
+ignore this section entirely.*
+
+Note: on some thinkpads, a faulty DVD drive can cause the cryptomount -a step
+during boot to fail. If this happens to you, try removing the drive.
+
+Set a strong user password (lots of lowercase/uppercase, numbers and symbols).
+
+Use of the *diceware method* is recommended, for generating secure passphrases
+(instead of passwords).
+
+When the installer asks you to set up encryption (ecryptfs) for your home
+directory, select 'Yes' if you want to: *LUKS is already secure and performs
+well. Having ecryptfs on top of it will add noticeable performance penalty, for
+little security gain in most use cases. This is therefore optional, and not
+recommended. Choose 'no'.*
+
+*Your user password should be different from the LUKS password which
+you will set later on. Your LUKS password should, like the user
+password, be secure.*
+
+Partitioning
+============
+
+Choose 'Manual' partitioning:
+
+- Select drive and create new partition table
+- Single large partition. The following are mostly defaults:
+ - Use as: physical volume for encryption
+ - Encryption: aes
+ - key size: whatever default is given to you
+ - IV algorithm: whatever default is given to you
+ - Encryption key: passphrase
+ - erase data: Yes (only choose 'No' if it's a new drive that
+ doesn't contain your private data)
+
+- Select 'configure encrypted volumes'
+ - Create encrypted volumes
+ - Select your partition
+ - Finish
+ - Really erase: Yes
+ - (erase will take a long time. be patient)
+ - (if your old system was encrypted, just let this run for about a
+ minute to make sure that the LUKS header is wiped out)
+- Select encrypted space:
+ - use as: physical volume for LVM
+ - Choose 'done setting up the partition'
+- Configure the logical volume manager:
+ - Keep settings: Yes
+- Create volume group:
+ - Name: `matrix` (use this exact name)
+ - Select crypto partition
+- Create logical volume
+ - select `matrix` (use this exact name)
+ - name: `rootvol` (use this exact name)
+ - size: default, minus 2048 MB
+- Create logical volume
+ - select `matrix` (use this exact name)
+ - name: `swap` (user this exact name)
+ - size: press enter
+
+Further partitioning
+====================
+
+Now you are back at the main partitioning screen. You will simply set
+mountpoints and filesystems to use.
+
+- LVM LV rootvol
+ - use as: btrfs
+ - mount point: /
+ - done setting up partition
+- LVM LV swap
+ - use as: swap area
+ - done setting up partition
+- Now you select 'Finished partitioning and write changes to disk'.
+
+Kernel
+======
+
+Installation will ask what kernel you want to use. linux-generic is
+fine.
+
+Tasksel
+=======
+
+For Debian, use the *MATE* option, or one of the others if you want. The
+libreboot project recommends MATE, unless you're saavy enough to choose
+something else.
+
+If you want debian-testing, then you should only select barebones
+options here and change the entries in /etc/apt/sources.list after
+install to point to the new distro, and then run `apt-get update` and
+`apt-get dist-upgrade` as root, then reboot and run `tasksel` as
+root. This is to avoid downloading large packages twice.
+
+NOTE: If you want the latest up to date version of the Linux kernel,
+Debian's kernel is sometimes outdated, even in the testing distro. You
+might consider using [this repository](https://jxself.org/linux-libre/)
+instead, which contains the most up to date versions of the Linux
+kernel. These kernels are also deblobbed, like Debian's kernels, so you
+can be sure that no binary blobs are present.
+
+Postfix configuration
+=====================
+
+If asked, choose *"No Configuration"* here (or maybe you want to
+select something else. It's up to you.)
+
+Install the GRUB boot loader to the master boot record
+======================================================
+
+Choose 'Yes'. It will fail, but don't worry. Then at the main menu,
+choose 'Continue without a bootloader'. You could also choose 'No'.
+Choice is irrelevant here.
+
+*Don't forget to have grub-coreboot package installed, even though installing grub to MBR is irrelevant
+on libreboot system, grub tools are still needed to eg. generate config (`grub-mkconfig`)*
+
+Clock UTC
+=========
+
+Just say 'Yes'.
+
+Booting your system
+===================
+
+At this point, you will have finished the installation. At your GRUB
+payload, press C to get to the command line, and enter:
+
+ grub> cryptomount -a
+ grub> set root='lvm/matrix-rootvol'
+ grub> linux /vmlinuz root=/dev/mapper/matrix-rootvol cryptdevice=/dev/mapper/matrix-rootvol:root
+ grub> initrd /initrd.img
+ grub> boot
+
+ecryptfs
+========
+
+If you didn't encrypt your home directory, then you can safely ignore
+this section.
+
+Immediately after logging in, do that:
+
+ $ sudo ecryptfs-unwrap-passphrase
+
+This will be needed in the future if you ever need to recover your home
+directory from another system, so write it down and keep the note
+somewhere secret. Ideally, you should memorize it and then burn the note
+(or not even write it down, and memorize it still)>
+
+Modify grub.cfg (CBFS)
+======================
+
+Now you need to set it up so that the system will automatically boot,
+without having to type a bunch of commands.
+
+Modify your grub.cfg (in the firmware) [using this
+tutorial](grub_cbfs.md); just change the default menu entry 'Load
+Operating System' to say this inside:
+
+ cryptomount -a
+ set root='lvm/matrix-rootvol'
+ linux /vmlinuz root=/dev/mapper/matrix-rootvol cryptdevice=/dev/mapper/matrix-rootvol:root
+ initrd /initrd.img
+
+Without specifying a device, the *-a* parameter tries to unlock all
+detected LUKS volumes. You can also specify -u UUID or -a (device).
+
+[Refer to this guide](grub_hardening.md) for further guidance on
+hardening your GRUB configuration, for security purposes.
+
+Flash the modified ROM using [this tutorial](../install/#flashrom).
+
+Troubleshooting
+===============
+
+A user reported issues when booting with a docking station attached on
+an X200, when decrypting the disk in GRUB. The error *AHCI transfer
+timed out* was observed. The workaround was to remove the docking
+station.
+
+Further investigation revealed that it was the DVD drive causing
+problems. Removing that worked around the issue.
+
+ "sudo wodim -prcap" shows information about the drive:
+ Device was not specified. Trying to find an appropriate drive...
+ Detected CD-R drive: /dev/sr0
+ Using /dev/cdrom of unknown capabilities
+ Device type : Removable CD-ROM
+ Version : 5
+ Response Format: 2
+ Capabilities :
+ Vendor_info : 'HL-DT-ST'
+ Identification : 'DVDRAM GU10N '
+ Revision : 'MX05'
+ Device seems to be: Generic mmc2 DVD-R/DVD-RW.
+
+ Drive capabilities, per MMC-3 page 2A:
+
+ Does read CD-R media
+ Does write CD-R media
+ Does read CD-RW media
+ Does write CD-RW media
+ Does read DVD-ROM media
+ Does read DVD-R media
+ Does write DVD-R media
+ Does read DVD-RAM media
+ Does write DVD-RAM media
+ Does support test writing
+
+ Does read Mode 2 Form 1 blocks
+ Does read Mode 2 Form 2 blocks
+ Does read digital audio blocks
+ Does restart non-streamed digital audio reads accurately
+ Does support Buffer-Underrun-Free recording
+ Does read multi-session CDs
+ Does read fixed-packet CD media using Method 2
+ Does not read CD bar code
+ Does not read R-W subcode information
+ Does read raw P-W subcode data from lead in
+ Does return CD media catalog number
+ Does return CD ISRC information
+ Does support C2 error pointers
+ Does not deliver composite A/V data
+
+ Does play audio CDs
+ Number of volume control levels: 256
+ Does support individual volume control setting for each channel
+ Does support independent mute setting for each channel
+ Does not support digital output on port 1
+ Does not support digital output on port 2
+
+ Loading mechanism type: tray
+ Does support ejection of CD via START/STOP command
+ Does not lock media on power up via prevent jumper
+ Does allow media to be locked in the drive via PREVENT/ALLOW command
+ Is not currently in a media-locked state
+ Does not support changing side of disk
+ Does not have load-empty-slot-in-changer feature
+ Does not support Individual Disk Present feature
+
+ Maximum read speed: 4234 kB/s (CD 24x, DVD 3x)
+ Current read speed: 4234 kB/s (CD 24x, DVD 3x)
+ Maximum write speed: 4234 kB/s (CD 24x, DVD 3x)
+ Current write speed: 4234 kB/s (CD 24x, DVD 3x)
+ Rotational control selected: CLV/PCAV
+ Buffer size in KB: 1024
+ Copy management revision supported: 1
+ Number of supported write speeds: 4
+ Write speed # 0: 4234 kB/s CLV/PCAV (CD 24x, DVD 3x)
+ Write speed # 1: 2822 kB/s CLV/PCAV (CD 16x, DVD 2x)
+ Write speed # 2: 1764 kB/s CLV/PCAV (CD 10x, DVD 1x)
+ Write speed # 3: 706 kB/s CLV/PCAV (CD 4x, DVD 0x)
+
+ Supported CD-RW media types according to MMC-4 feature 0x37:
+ Does write multi speed CD-RW media
+ Does write high speed CD-RW media
+ Does write ultra high speed CD-RW media
+ Does not write ultra high speed+ CD-RW media
+
+Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016 Leah Rowe <info@minifree.org>\
+
+Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
+under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License Version 1.3 or any later
+version published by the Free Software Foundation
+with no Invariant Sections, no Front Cover Texts, and no Back Cover Texts.
+A copy of this license is found in [../fdl-1.3.md](../fdl-1.3.md)