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diff --git a/docs/bsd/encrypted_debian.html b/docs/bsd/encrypted_debian.html deleted file mode 100644 index 64f4668d..00000000 --- a/docs/bsd/encrypted_debian.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,519 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE html> -<html> -<head> - <meta charset="utf-8"> - <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> - - <style type="text/css"> - @import url('../css/main.css'); - </style> - - <title>Installing Debian or Trisquel GNU/Linux with full disk encryption (including /boot)</title> -</head> - -<body> - <div class="section"> - <h1>Installing Debian or Trisquel GNU/Linux with full disk encryption (including /boot)</h1> - <p> - The libreboot project recommends Debian, because it is more stable and up to date, - while still being entirely free software by default. Leah Rowe, libreboot's - lead maintainer, also uses Debian. See: - <a href="../distros/">../distros/</a> - </p> - <p> - Libreboot on x86 uses the GRUB <a href="http://www.coreboot.org/Payloads#GRUB_2">payload</a> - by default, which means that the GRUB configuration file - (where your GRUB menu comes from) is stored directly alongside libreboot - and its GRUB payload executable, inside - the flash chip. In context, this means that installing distributions and managing them - is handled slightly differently compared to traditional BIOS systems. - </p> - - <p> - On most systems, the /boot partition has to be left unencrypted while the others are encrypted. - This is so that GRUB, and therefore the kernel, can be loaded and executed since the firmware - can't open a LUKS volume. Not so with libreboot! Since GRUB is already included directly as a - payload, even /boot can be encrypted. This protects /boot from tampering by someone with physical - access to the system. - </p> - <p> - This guide is written for Debian. - This also works in Trisquel 7 (probably Trisquel 8), and probably Trisquel 6. Boot the 'net installer' (Install Trisquel in Text Mode). - <a href="grub_boot_installer.html">How to boot a GNU/Linux installer</a>. - </p> - <p> - <b>This guide is *only* for the GRUB payload. If you use the depthcharge payload, ignore this section entirely.</b> - </p> - - - <p> - Note: on some thinkpads, a faulty DVD drive can cause the cryptomount -a step during boot to fail. If this happens to you, try removing the drive. - </p> - <p><a href="index.html">Back to previous index</a></p> - </div> - - <div class="section"> - - <p> - Set a strong user password (lots of lowercase/uppercase, numbers and symbols). - </p> - - <p> - Use of the <i>diceware method</i> is recommended, for generating secure passphrases (instead of passwords). - </p> - - <p> - when the installer asks you to set up - encryption (ecryptfs) for your home directory, select 'Yes' if you want to: <b>LUKS is already secure and performs well. Having ecryptfs on top of it - will add noticeable performance penalty, for little security gain in most use cases. This is therefore optional, and not recommended. - Choose 'no'.</b> - </p> - - <p> - <b> - Your user password should be different from the LUKS password which you will set later on. - Your LUKS password should, like the user password, be secure. - </b> - </p> - - </div> - - <div class="section"> - - <h1>Partitioning</h1> - - <p>Choose 'Manual' partitioning:</p> - <ul> - <li>Select drive and create new partition table</li> - <li> - Single large partition. The following are mostly defaults: - <ul> - <li>Use as: physical volume for encryption</li> - <li>Encryption: aes</li> - <li>key size: whatever default is given to you</li> - <li>IV algorithm: whatever default is given to you</li> - <li>Encryption key: passphrase</li> (<i>diceware method</i> recommended for choosing password) - <li>erase data: Yes (only choose 'No' if it's a new drive that doesn't contain your private data)</li> - </ul> - </li> - <li> - Select 'configure encrypted volumes' - <ul> - <li>Create encrypted volumes</li> - <li>Select your partition</li> - <li>Finish</li> - <li>Really erase: Yes</li> - <li>(erase will take a long time. be patient)</li> - <li>(if your old system was encrypted, just let this run for about a minute to - make sure that the LUKS header is wiped out)</li> - </ul> - </li> - <li> - Select encrypted space: - <ul> - <li>use as: physical volume for LVM</li> - <li>Choose 'done setting up the partition'</li> - </ul> - </li> - <li> - Configure the logical volume manager: - <ul> - <li>Keep settings: Yes</li> - </ul> - </li> - <li> - Create volume group: - <ul> - <li>Name: <b>matrix</b> (use this exact name)</li> - <li>Select crypto partition</li> - </ul> - </li> - <li> - Create logical volume - <ul> - <li>select <b>matrix</b> (use this exact name)</li> - <li>name: <b>root</b> (use this exact name)</li> - <li>size: default, minus 2048 MB</li> - </ul> - </li> - <li> - Create logical volume - <ul> - <li>select <b>matrix</b> (use this exact name)</li> - <li>name: <b>swap</b> (user this exact name)</li> - <li>size: press enter</li> - </ul> - </li> - </ul> - - </div> - - <div class="section"> - - <h1>Further partitioning</h1> - - <p> - Now you are back at the main partitioning screen. You will simply set mountpoints and filesystems to use. - </p> - <ul> - <li> - LVM LV root - <ul> - <li>use as: btrfs</li> - <li>mount point: /</li> - <li>done setting up partition</li> - </ul> - </li> - <li> - LVM LV swap - <ul> - <li>use as: swap area</li> - <li>done setting up partition</li> - </ul> - </li> - <li>Now you select 'Finished partitioning and write changes to disk'.</li> - </ul> - - </div> - - <div class="section"> - - <h1>Kernel</h1> - - <p> - Installation will ask what kernel you want to use. linux-generic is fine. - </p> - - </div> - - <div class="section"> - - <h1>Tasksel (Debian or Trisquel)</h1> - - <p> - Choose <i>"Trisquel Desktop Environment"</i> if you want GNOME, - <i>"Trisquel-mini Desktop Environment"</i> if you - want LXDE or <i>"Triskel Desktop Environment"</i> if you want KDE. - If you want to have no desktop (just a basic shell) - when you boot or if you want to create your own custom setup, then choose nothing here (don't select anything). - You might also want to choose some of the other package groups; it's up to you. - </p> - <p> - For Debian, use the <em>MATE</em> option, or one of the others if you want. - </p> - <p> - On Debian or Trisquel, you may also want to select the option for a printer server, - so that you can print. - </p> - <p> - If you want debian-testing, then you should only select barebones options here - and change the entries in /etc/apt/sources.list after install to point to the new distro, - and then run <strong>apt-get update</strong> and <strong>apt-get dist-upgrade</strong> - as root, then reboot and run <b>tasksel</b> as root. This is to avoid downloading large - packages twice. - </p> - - </div> - - <div class="section"> - - <h1>Postfix configuration</h1> - - <p> - If asked, choose <i>"No Configuration"</i> here (or maybe you want to select something else. It's up to you.) - </p> - - </div> - - <div class="section"> - - <h1>Install the GRUB boot loader to the master boot record</h1> - - <p> - Choose 'Yes'. It will fail, but don't worry. Then at the main menu, choose 'Continue without a bootloader'. - You could also choose 'No'. Choice is irrelevant here. - </p> - - <p> - <i>You do not need to install GRUB at all, since in libreboot you are using the GRUB payload (for libreboot) to boot your system directly.</i> - </p> - - </div> - - <div class="section"> - - <h1>Clock UTC</h1> - - <p> - Just say 'Yes'. - </p> - - </div> - - <div class="section"> - - <h1> - Booting your system - </h1> - - <p> - At this point, you will have finished the installation. At your GRUB payload, press C to get to the command line. - </p> - - <p> - Do that:<br/> - grub> <b>cryptomount -a</b><br/> - grub> <b>set root='lvm/matrix-root'</b><br/> - grub> <b>linux /vmlinuz root=/dev/mapper/matrix-root cryptdevice=/dev/mapper/matrix-root:root</b><br/> - grub> <b>initrd /initrd.img</b><br/> - grub> <b>boot</b> - </p> - - </div> - - <div class="section"> - - <h1> - ecryptfs - </h1> - - <p> - If you didn't encrypt your home directory, then you can safely ignore this section. - </p> - - <p> - Immediately after logging in, do that:<br/> - $ <b>sudo ecryptfs-unwrap-passphrase</b> - </p> - - <p> - This will be needed in the future if you ever need to recover your home directory from another system, so write it down and keep the note - somewhere secret. Ideally, you should memorize it and then burn the note (or not even write it down, and memorize it still)> - </p> - - </div> - - <div class="section"> - - <h1> - Modify grub.cfg (CBFS) - </h1> - - <p> - Now you need to set it up so that the system will automatically boot, without having to type a bunch of commands. - </p> - - <p> - Modify your grub.cfg (in the firmware) <a href="grub_cbfs.html">using this tutorial</a>; - just change the default menu entry 'Load Operating System' to say this inside: - </p> - - <p> - <b>cryptomount -a</b><br/> - <b>set root='lvm/matrix-root'</b><br/> - <b>linux /vmlinuz root=/dev/mapper/matrix-root cryptdevice=/dev/mapper/matrix-root:root</b><br/> - <b>initrd /initrd.img</b> - </p> - - <p> - Without specifying a device, the <i>-a</i> parameter tries to unlock all detected LUKS volumes. - You can also specify -u UUID or -a (device). - </p> - - <p> - Additionally, you should set a GRUB password. This is not your LUKS password, but it's a password that you have to enter to see - GRUB. This protects your system from an attacker simply booting a live USB and re-flashing your firmware. <b>This should be different than your LUKS passphrase and user password.</b> - </p> - <p> - Use of the <i>diceware method</i> is recommended, for generating secure passphrases (as opposed to passwords). - </p> - - <p> - The GRUB utility can be used like so:<br/> - $ <b>grub-mkpasswd-pbkdf2</b> - </p> - - <p> - Give it a password (remember, it has to be secure) and it'll output something like:<br/> - <b>grub.pbkdf2.sha512.10000.711F186347156BC105CD83A2ED7AF1EB971AA2B1EB2640172F34B0DEFFC97E654AF48E5F0C3B7622502B76458DA494270CC0EA6504411D676E6752FD1651E749.8DD11178EB8D1F633308FD8FCC64D0B243F949B9B99CCEADE2ECA11657A757D22025986B0FA116F1D5191E0A22677674C994EDBFADE62240E9D161688266A711</b> - </p> - <p> - Use of the <i>diceware method</i> is recommended, for generating secure passphrases (instead of passwords). - </p> - - <p> - Put that in the grub.cfg (the one for CBFS inside the ROM) before the 'Load Operating System' menu entry like so (example):<br/> - </p> - <pre> -<b>set superusers="root"</b> -<b>password_pbkdf2 root grub.pbkdf2.sha512.10000.711F186347156BC105CD83A2ED7AF1EB971AA2B1EB2640172F34B0DEFFC97E654AF48E5F0C3B7622502B76458DA494270CC0EA6504411D676E6752FD1651E749.8DD11178EB8D1F633308FD8FCC64D0B243F949B9B99CCEADE2ECA11657A757D22025986B0FA116F1D5191E0A22677674C994EDBFADE62240E9D161688266A711</b> - </pre> - <p style="font-size:2em;"> - MAKE SURE TO DO THIS ON grubtest.cfg *BEFORE* DOING IT ON grub.cfg. - Then select the menu entry that says <i>Switch to grubtest.cfg</i> and test that it works. - Then copy that to grub.cfg once you're satisfied. - WHY? BECAUSE AN INCORRECTLY SET PASSWORD CONFIG MEANS YOU CAN'T AUTHENTICATE, WHICH MEANS 'BRICK'. - </p> - <p> - (emphasis added, because it's needed. This is a common roadblock for users) - </p> - - <p> - Obviously, replace it with the correct hash that you actually got for the password that you entered. Meaning, not the hash that you see above! - </p> - - <p> - After this, you will have a modified ROM with the menu entry for cryptomount, and the entry before that for the GRUB password. Flash the modified ROM - using <a href="../install/index.html#flashrom">this tutorial</a>. - </p> - - </div> - - <div class="section"> - - <h1 id="troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</h1> - - <p> - A user reported issues when booting with a docking station attached - on an X200, when decrypting the disk in GRUB. The error - <i>AHCI transfer timed out</i> was observed. The workaround - was to remove the docking station. - </p> - - <p> - Further investigation revealed that it was the DVD drive causing problems. - Removing that worked around the issue. - </p> - -<pre> - -"sudo wodim -prcap" shows information about the drive: -Device was not specified. Trying to find an appropriate drive... -Detected CD-R drive: /dev/sr0 -Using /dev/cdrom of unknown capabilities -Device type : Removable CD-ROM -Version : 5 -Response Format: 2 -Capabilities : -Vendor_info : 'HL-DT-ST' -Identification : 'DVDRAM GU10N ' -Revision : 'MX05' -Device seems to be: Generic mmc2 DVD-R/DVD-RW. - -Drive capabilities, per MMC-3 page 2A: - - Does read CD-R media - Does write CD-R media - Does read CD-RW media - Does write CD-RW media - Does read DVD-ROM media - Does read DVD-R media - Does write DVD-R media - Does read DVD-RAM media - Does write DVD-RAM media - Does support test writing - - Does read Mode 2 Form 1 blocks - Does read Mode 2 Form 2 blocks - Does read digital audio blocks - Does restart non-streamed digital audio reads accurately - Does support Buffer-Underrun-Free recording - Does read multi-session CDs - Does read fixed-packet CD media using Method 2 - Does not read CD bar code - Does not read R-W subcode information - Does read raw P-W subcode data from lead in - Does return CD media catalog number - Does return CD ISRC information - Does support C2 error pointers - Does not deliver composite A/V data - - Does play audio CDs - Number of volume control levels: 256 - Does support individual volume control setting for each channel - Does support independent mute setting for each channel - Does not support digital output on port 1 - Does not support digital output on port 2 - - Loading mechanism type: tray - Does support ejection of CD via START/STOP command - Does not lock media on power up via prevent jumper - Does allow media to be locked in the drive via PREVENT/ALLOW command - Is not currently in a media-locked state - Does not support changing side of disk - Does not have load-empty-slot-in-changer feature - Does not support Individual Disk Present feature - - Maximum read speed: 4234 kB/s (CD 24x, DVD 3x) - Current read speed: 4234 kB/s (CD 24x, DVD 3x) - Maximum write speed: 4234 kB/s (CD 24x, DVD 3x) - Current write speed: 4234 kB/s (CD 24x, DVD 3x) - Rotational control selected: CLV/PCAV - Buffer size in KB: 1024 - Copy management revision supported: 1 - Number of supported write speeds: 4 - Write speed # 0: 4234 kB/s CLV/PCAV (CD 24x, DVD 3x) - Write speed # 1: 2822 kB/s CLV/PCAV (CD 16x, DVD 2x) - Write speed # 2: 1764 kB/s CLV/PCAV (CD 10x, DVD 1x) - Write speed # 3: 706 kB/s CLV/PCAV (CD 4x, DVD 0x) - -Supported CD-RW media types according to MMC-4 feature 0x37: - Does write multi speed CD-RW media - Does write high speed CD-RW media - Does write ultra high speed CD-RW media - Does not write ultra high speed+ CD-RW media - -</pre> - - </div> - - <div class="section"> - - <p> - Copyright © 2014, 2015 Leah Rowe <info@minifree.org><br/> - Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document - under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International license - or any later version published by Creative Commons; - - A copy of the license can be found at <a href="../cc-by-sa-4.0.txt">../cc-by-sa-4.0.txt</a> - </p> - - <p> - Updated versions of the license (when available) can be found at - <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode</a> - </p> - - <p> - UNLESS OTHERWISE SEPARATELY UNDERTAKEN BY THE LICENSOR, TO THE - EXTENT POSSIBLE, THE LICENSOR OFFERS THE LICENSED MATERIAL AS-IS - AND AS-AVAILABLE, AND MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF - ANY KIND CONCERNING THE LICENSED MATERIAL, WHETHER EXPRESS, - IMPLIED, STATUTORY, OR OTHER. THIS INCLUDES, WITHOUT LIMITATION, - WARRANTIES OF TITLE, MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR - PURPOSE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, ABSENCE OF LATENT OR OTHER DEFECTS, - ACCURACY, OR THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF ERRORS, WHETHER OR NOT - KNOWN OR DISCOVERABLE. WHERE DISCLAIMERS OF WARRANTIES ARE NOT - ALLOWED IN FULL OR IN PART, THIS DISCLAIMER MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. - </p> - <p> - TO THE EXTENT POSSIBLE, IN NO EVENT WILL THE LICENSOR BE LIABLE - TO YOU ON ANY LEGAL THEORY (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, - NEGLIGENCE) OR OTHERWISE FOR ANY DIRECT, SPECIAL, INDIRECT, - INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE, EXEMPLARY, OR OTHER LOSSES, - COSTS, EXPENSES, OR DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THIS PUBLIC LICENSE OR - USE OF THE LICENSED MATERIAL, EVEN IF THE LICENSOR HAS BEEN - ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH LOSSES, COSTS, EXPENSES, OR - DAMAGES. WHERE A LIMITATION OF LIABILITY IS NOT ALLOWED IN FULL OR - IN PART, THIS LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. - </p> - <p> - The disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided - above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent - possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and - waiver of all liability. - </p> - - </div> - -</body> -</html> |