diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/install/r400_external.md')
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/install/r400_external.md | 445 |
1 files changed, 445 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/docs/install/r400_external.md b/docs/install/r400_external.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..16e96258 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/install/r400_external.md @@ -0,0 +1,445 @@ +<div class="section"> + +Flashing the R400 with a BeagleBone Black {#pagetop} +========================================= + +Initial flashing instructions for R400. + +This guide is for those who want libreboot on their ThinkPad R400 while +they still have the original Lenovo BIOS present. This guide can also be +followed (adapted) if you brick your R400, to know how to recover. + +Before following this section, please make sure to setup your libreboot +ROM properly first. Although ROM images are provided pre-built in +libreboot, there are some modifications that you need to make to the one +you chose before flashing. (instructions referenced later in this guide) + +[Back to main index](./) + +</div> + +<div class="section"> + +Libreboot T400 {#t400} +============== + +You may also be interested in the smaller, more portable [Libreboot +T400](t400_external.html). + +</div> + +<div class="section"> + +Serial port {#serial_port} +----------- + +EHCI debug might not be needed. It has been reported that the docking +station for this laptop has a serial port, so it might be possible to +use that instead. + +</div> + +<div id="cpu_compatibility" class="section"> + +A note about CPUs +================= + +[ThinkWiki](http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/Category:R400) has a list of +CPUs for this system. The Core 2 Duo P8400 and P8600 are believed to +work in libreboot. The Core 2 Duo T9600 was confirmed to work, so the +T9400 probably also works. **The Core 2 Duo T5870/5670 and Celeron M +575/585 are untested!** + +Quad-core CPUs +-------------- + +Incompatible. Do not use. + +</div> + +<div id="switchable_graphics" class="section"> + +A note about GPUs +================= + +Some models have an Intel GPU, while others have both an ATI and an +Intel GPU; this is referred to as \"switchable graphics\". In the *BIOS +setup* program for lenovobios, you can specify that the system will use +one or the other (but not both). + +Libreboot is known to work on systems with only the Intel GPU, using +native graphics initialization. On systems with switchable graphics, the +Intel GPU is used and the ATI GPU is disabled, so native graphics +initialization works all the same. + +CPU paste required +================== + +See [\#paste](#paste). + +</div> + +<div class="section"> + +Flash chip size {#flashchips} +=============== + +Use this to find out:\ +\# **flashrom -p internal -V**\ + +[Back to top of page.](#pagetop) + +</div> + +<div class="section photos"> + +MAC address {#macaddress} +=========== + +On the R400, the MAC address for the onboard gigabit ethernet chipset is +stored inside the flash chip, along with other configuration data. + +Keep a note of the MAC address before disassembly; this is very +important, because you will need to insert this into the libreboot ROM +image before flashing it. It will be written in one of these locations: + +  + + +</div> + +<div class="section photos"> + +Initial BBB configuration +========================= + +Refer to [bbb\_setup.html](bbb_setup.html) for how to setup the BBB for +flashing. + +The following shows how to connect clip to the BBB (on the P9 header), +for SOIC-16 (clip: Pomona 5252): + + POMONA 5252 (correlate with the BBB guide) + === ethernet jack and VGA port ==== + NC - - 21 + 1 - - 17 + NC - - NC + NC - - NC + NC - - NC + NC - - NC + 18 - - 3.3V (PSU) + 22 - - NC - this is pin 1 on the flash chip + === SATA port === + This is how you will connect. Numbers refer to pin numbers on the BBB, on the plugs near the DC jack. + +The following shows how to connect clip to the BBB (on the P9 header), +for SOIC-8 (clip: Pomona 5250): + + POMONA 5250 (correlate with the BBB guide) + === RAM slots ==== + 18 - - 1 + 22 - - NC + NC - - 21 + 3.3V (PSU) - - 17 - this is pin 1 on the flash chip + === slot where the AC jack is connected === + This is how you will connect. Numbers refer to pin numbers on the BBB, on the plugs near the DC jack. + +Disassembly +----------- + +Remove all screws:\ +\ +Remove the HDD and optical drive:\ +\ +Remove the hinge screws:\ +  + +Remove the palm rest and keyboard:\ +  + +Remove these screws, and then remove the bezel:\ +  + +Remove the speaker screws, but don\'t remove the speakers yet (just set +them loose):\ +  + + +Remove these screws, and then remove the metal plate:\ +  + + +Remove the antennas from the wifi card, and then start unrouting them:\ +  +  +  + +Disconnect the LCD cable from the motherboard:\ +  +  + +Remove the hinge screws, and then remove the LCD panel:\ +  +  + +Remove this:\ +  + +Remove this long cable (there are 3 connections):\ +  +  + +Disconnect the speaker cable, and remove the speakers:\ + + +Remove the heatsink screws, remove the fan and then remove the +heatsink/fan:\ +  +  + +Remove the NVRAM battery:\ +  + +Remove this screw:\ +  + +Disconnect the AC jack:\ +  + +Remove this screw and then remove what is under it:\ + + +Remove this:\ + + +Lift the motherboard (which is still inside the cage) from the side on +the right, removing it completely:\ +  + +Remove all screws, marking each hole so that you know where to re-insert +them. You should place the screws in a layout corresponding to the order +that they were in before removal:  + + +Remove the motherboard from the cage, and the SPI flash chip will be +next to the memory slots:\ +  + +Connect your programmer, then connect GND and 3.3V\ +  +  +  + +A dedicated 3.3V PSU was used to create this guide, but at ATX PSU is +also fine:\ + + +Of course, make sure to turn on your PSU:\ + + +Now, you should be ready to install libreboot. + +Flashrom binaries for ARM (tested on a BBB) are distributed in +libreboot\_util. Alternatively, libreboot also distributes flashrom +source code which can be built. + +Log in as root on your BBB, using the instructions in +[bbb\_setup.html\#bbb\_access](bbb_setup.html#bbb_access). + +Test that flashrom works:\ +\# **./flashrom -p linux\_spi:dev=/dev/spidev1.0,spispeed=512**\ +In this case, the output was: + + flashrom v0.9.7-r1854 on Linux 3.8.13-bone47 (armv7l) + flashrom is free software, get the source code at http://www.flashrom.org + Calibrating delay loop... OK. + Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6405(D)" (8192 kB, SPI) on linux_spi. + Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6406E/MX25L6436E" (8192 kB, SPI) on linux_spi. + Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6445E/MX25L6473E" (8192 kB, SPI) on linux_spi. + Multiple flash chip definitions match the detected chip(s): "MX25L6405(D)", "MX25L6406E/MX25L6436E", "MX25L6445E/MX25L6473E" + Please specify which chip definition to use with the -c <chipname> option. + +How to backup factory.rom (change the -c option as neeed, for your flash +chip):\ +\# **./flashrom -p linux\_spi:dev=/dev/spidev1.0,spispeed=512 -r +factory.rom**\ +\# **./flashrom -p linux\_spi:dev=/dev/spidev1.0,spispeed=512 -r +factory1.rom**\ +\# **./flashrom -p linux\_spi:dev=/dev/spidev1.0,spispeed=512 -r +factory2.rom**\ +Note: the **-c** option is not required in libreboot\'s patched +flashrom, because the redundant flash chip definitions in *flashchips.c* +have been removed.\ +Now compare the 3 images:\ +\# **sha512sum factory\*.rom**\ +If the hashes match, then just copy one of them (the factory.rom) to a +safe place (on a drive connected to another system, not the BBB). This +is useful for reverse engineering work, if there is a desirable +behaviour in the original firmware that could be replicated in coreboot +and libreboot. + +Follow the instructions at +[../hcl/gm45\_remove\_me.html\#ich9gen](../hcl/gm45_remove_me.html#ich9gen) +to change the MAC address inside the libreboot ROM image, before +flashing it. Although there is a default MAC address inside the ROM +image, this is not what you want. **Make sure to always change the MAC +address to one that is correct for your system.** + +Now flash it:\ +\# **./flashrom -p linux\_spi:dev=/dev/spidev1.0,spispeed=512 -w +path/to/libreboot/rom/image.rom -V** + + + +You might see errors, but if it says **Verifying flash\... VERIFIED** at +the end, then it\'s flashed and should boot. If you see errors, try +again (and again, and again); the message **Chip content is identical to +the requested image** is also an indication of a successful +installation. + +Example output from running the command (see above): + + flashrom v0.9.7-r1854 on Linux 3.8.13-bone47 (armv7l) + flashrom is free software, get the source code at http://www.flashrom.org + Calibrating delay loop... OK. + Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6405(D)" (8192 kB, SPI) on linux_spi. + Reading old flash chip contents... done. + Erasing and writing flash chip... FAILED at 0x00001000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x0000ffff: 0xd716 + ERASE FAILED! + Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. + Erase/write done. + Verifying flash... VERIFIED. + +[Back to top of page.](#pagetop) + +</div> + +<div id="paste" class="section photos"> + +Thermal paste (IMPORTANT) +========================= + +Because part of this procedure involved removing the heatsink, you will +need to apply new paste. Arctic MX-4 is ok. You will also need isopropyl +alcohol and an anti-static cloth to clean with. + +When re-installing the heatsink, you must first clean off all old paste +with the alcohol/cloth. Then apply new paste. Arctic MX-4 is also much +better than the default paste used on these systems. + + + +NOTE: the photo above is for illustration purposes only, and does not +show how to properly apply the thermal paste. Other guides online detail +the proper application procedure. + +</div> + +<div class="section"> + +Wifi +==== + +The R400 typically comes with an Intel wifi chipset, which does not work +without proprietary software. For a list of wifi chipsets that work +without proprietary software, see +[../hcl/\#recommended\_wifi](../hcl/#recommended_wifi). + +Some R400 laptops might come with an Atheros chipset, but this is +802.11g only. + +It is recommended that you install a new wifi chipset. This can only be +done after installing libreboot, because the original firmware has a +whitelist of approved chips, and it will refuse to boot if you use an +\'unauthorized\' wifi card. + +The following photos show an Atheros AR5B95 being installed, to replace +the Intel chip that this R400 came with:\ +  + +</div> + +<div class="section"> + +WWAN +==== + +If you have a WWAN/3G card and/or sim card reader, remove them +permanently. The WWAN-3G card has proprietary firmware inside; the +technology is identical to what is used in mobile phones, so it can also +track your movements. + +Not to be confused with wifi (wifi is fine). + +</div> + +<div class="section photos"> + +Memory +====== + +You need DDR3 SODIMM PC3-8500 RAM installed, in matching pairs +(speed/size). Non-matching pairs won\'t work. You can also install a +single module (meaning, one of the slots will be empty) in slot 0. + +Make sure that the RAM you buy is the 2Rx8 density. + +[This page](http://www.forum.thinkpads.com/viewtopic.php?p=760721) might +be useful for RAM compatibility info (note: coreboot raminit is +different, so this page might be BS) + +The following photo shows 8GiB (2x4GiB) of RAM installed:\ + + +</div> + +<div class="section photos"> + +Boot it! +-------- + +You should see something like this: + +  + +Now [install GNU+Linux](../gnulinux/). + +</div> + +<div class="section"> + +Copyright © 2014, 2015 Leah Rowe <info@minifree.org>\ +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 +International license or any later version published by Creative +Commons; A copy of the license can be found at +[../cc-by-sa-4.0.txt](../cc-by-sa-4.0.txt) + +Updated versions of the license (when available) can be found at +<https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode> + +UNLESS OTHERWISE SEPARATELY UNDERTAKEN BY THE LICENSOR, TO THE EXTENT +POSSIBLE, THE LICENSOR OFFERS THE LICENSED MATERIAL AS-IS AND +AS-AVAILABLE, AND MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND +CONCERNING THE LICENSED MATERIAL, WHETHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED, STATUTORY, +OR OTHER. THIS INCLUDES, WITHOUT LIMITATION, WARRANTIES OF TITLE, +MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, +ABSENCE OF LATENT OR OTHER DEFECTS, ACCURACY, OR THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE +OF ERRORS, WHETHER OR NOT KNOWN OR DISCOVERABLE. WHERE DISCLAIMERS OF +WARRANTIES ARE NOT ALLOWED IN FULL OR IN PART, THIS DISCLAIMER MAY NOT +APPLY TO YOU. + +TO THE EXTENT POSSIBLE, IN NO EVENT WILL THE LICENSOR BE LIABLE TO YOU +ON ANY LEGAL THEORY (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, NEGLIGENCE) OR +OTHERWISE FOR ANY DIRECT, SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, +PUNITIVE, EXEMPLARY, OR OTHER LOSSES, COSTS, EXPENSES, OR DAMAGES +ARISING OUT OF THIS PUBLIC LICENSE OR USE OF THE LICENSED MATERIAL, EVEN +IF THE LICENSOR HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH LOSSES, +COSTS, EXPENSES, OR DAMAGES. WHERE A LIMITATION OF LIABILITY IS NOT +ALLOWED IN FULL OR IN PART, THIS LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. + +The disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above +shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most +closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability. + +</div> |