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diff --git a/i18n/fr_FR/docs/install/t400_external.md b/i18n/fr_FR/docs/install/t400_external.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..362b2243 --- /dev/null +++ b/i18n/fr_FR/docs/install/t400_external.md @@ -0,0 +1,359 @@ +--- +title: Flashing the T400 with a BeagleBone Black +... + +Initial flashing instructions for T400. + +This guide is for those who want libreboot on their ThinkPad T400 while +they still have the original Lenovo BIOS present. This guide can also be +followed (adapted) if you brick your T400, to know how to recover. + +An +["HMM"](https://download.lenovo.com/ibmdl/pub/pc/pccbbs/mobiles_pdf/43y6629_05.pdf#page=386) +(Hardware Maintenance Manual) detailing the process of \[dis\]assembly +is available for this model. Be careful when reassembling the laptop as +the screws on page 114 (with title "1130 Keyboard bezel") are swapped +and if you follow the HMM you will punch a hole through the bezel in the +upper right corner. + +Serial port {#serial_port} +----------- + +EHCI debug might not be needed. It has been reported that the docking +station for this laptop has a serial port, so it might be possible to +use that instead. + +A note about CPUs +================= + +[ThinkWiki](http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/Category:T400) has a list of +CPUs for this system. The Core 2 Duo P8400, P8600 and P8700 are believed +to work in libreboot. + +T9600, T9500, T9550 and T9900 are all compatible, as reported by users. + +Quad-core CPUs +-------------- + +Very likely to be compatible, but requires hardware modification. +Based on info from German forum post about installing Core Quad CPU on T500 found in coreboot mailing list. Currently work in progress and no guide available. + +- [Coreboot mailing list post](https://mail.coreboot.org/pipermail/coreboot/2016-November/082463.html) +- [German forum post about install Core Quad on T500](https://thinkpad-forum.de/threads/199129) + + +A note about GPUs +================= + +Some models have an Intel GPU, while others have both an ATI and an +Intel GPU; this is referred to as "switchable graphics". In the *BIOS +setup* program for lenovobios, you can specify that the system will use +one or the other (but not both). + +Libreboot is known to work on systems with only the Intel GPU, using +native graphics initialization. On systems with switchable graphics, the +Intel GPU is used and the ATI GPU is disabled, so native graphics +initialization works all the same. + +CPU paste required +================== + +See [\#paste](#paste). + +Flash chip size {#flashchips} +=============== + +Use this to find out: + + # flashrom -p internal + +MAC address {#macaddress} +=========== + +Refer to [mac\_address.md](../hardware/mac_address.md). + +Initial BBB configuration +========================= + +Refer to [bbb\_setup.md](bbb_setup.md) for how to configure the BBB +for flashing. + +The following shows how to connect clip to the BBB (on the P9 header), +for SOIC-16 (clip: Pomona 5252): + + POMONA 5252 (correlate with the BBB guide) + === ethernet jack and VGA port ==== + NC - - 21 + 1 - - 17 + NC - - NC + NC - - NC + NC - - NC + NC - - NC + 18 - - 3.3V (PSU) + 22 - - NC - this is pin 1 on the flash chip + === SATA port === + This is how you will connect. Numbers refer to pin numbers on the BBB, on the plugs near the DC jack. + +The following shows how to connect clip to the BBB (on the P9 header), +for SOIC-8 (clip: Pomona 5250): + + POMONA 5250 (correlate with the BBB guide) + === RAM slots ==== + 18 - - 1 + 22 - - NC + NC - - 21 + 3.3V (PSU) - - 17 - this is pin 1 on the flash chip + === slot where the AC jack is connected === + + This is how you will connect. Numbers refer to pin numbers on the BBB, on the plugs near the DC jack. + +The procedure +------------- + +Remove *all* screws, placing them in the order that you removed them:\ +  + +Remove those three screws then remove the rear bezel:\ +  +  + +Remove the speakers:\ +  +  + + +Remove the wifi:\ +  + +Remove this cable:\ +  +  + + +Unroute those antenna wires:\ +  +  + + +Remove the LCD assembly:\ +  +  +  +  + +Disconnect the NVRAM battery:\ + + +Disconnect the fan:\ + + +Unscrew these:\ +  +  + +Unscrew the heatsink, then lift it off:\ +  + +Disconnect the power jack:\ +  + +Loosen this:\ + + +Remove this:\ +  +  + + +Unscrew these:\ +  + +Remove this:\ +  + +Unscrew this:\ + + +Remove the motherboard (the cage is still attached) from the right hand +side, then lift it out:\ +  + + +Remove these screws, placing the screws in the same layout and marking +each screw hole (so that you know what ones to put the screws back into +later):   +  +  + +Separate the motherboard:\ +  + +Connect your programmer, then connect GND and 3.3V\ +  +  +  + +A dedicated 3.3V PSU was used to create this guide, but at ATX PSU is +also fine:\ + + +Of course, make sure to turn on your PSU:\ + + +Now, you should be ready to install libreboot. + +Flashrom binaries for ARM (tested on a BBB) are distributed in +libreboot\_util. Alternatively, libreboot also distributes flashrom +source code which can be built. + +Log in as root on your BBB, using the instructions in +[bbb\_setup.html\#bbb\_access](bbb_setup.html#bbb_access). + +Test that flashrom works: + + # ./flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev1.0,spispeed=512 + +In this case, the output was: + + flashrom v0.9.7-r1854 on Linux 3.8.13-bone47 (armv7l) + flashrom is free software, get the source code at http://www.flashrom.org + Calibrating delay loop... OK. + Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6405(D)" (8192 kB, SPI) on linux_spi. + Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6406E/MX25L6436E" (8192 kB, SPI) on linux_spi. + Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6445E/MX25L6473E" (8192 kB, SPI) on linux_spi. + Multiple flash chip definitions match the detected chip(s): "MX25L6405(D)", "MX25L6406E/MX25L6436E", "MX25L6445E/MX25L6473E" + Please specify which chip definition to use with the -c <chipname> option. + +How to backup factory.rom (change the -c option as needed, for your flash +chip): + + # ./flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev1.0,spispeed=512 -r factory.rom + + # ./flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev1.0,spispeed=512 -r factory1.rom + + # ./flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev1.0,spispeed=512 -r factory2.rom + +Note: the `-c` option is not required in libreboot's patched flashrom, because +the redundant flash chip definitions in `flashchips.c` have been removed. + +Now compare the 3 images: + + # sha512sum factory*.rom + +If the hashes match, then just copy one of them (the factory.rom) to a +safe place (on a drive connected to another system, not the BBB). This +is useful for reverse engineering work, if there is a desirable +behaviour in the original firmware that could be replicated in coreboot +and libreboot. + +Follow the instructions at +[../hardware/gm45\_remove\_me.html\#ich9gen](../hardware/gm45_remove_me.html#ich9gen) +to change the MAC address inside the libreboot ROM image, before +flashing it. Although there is a default MAC address inside the ROM +image, this is not what you want. *Make sure to always change the MAC +address to one that is correct for your system.* + +Now flash it: + + # ./flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev1.0,spispeed=512 -w path/to/libreboot/rom/image.rom -V + + + +You might see errors, but if it says `Verifying flash... VERIFIED` at +the end, then it's flashed and should boot. If you see errors, try +again (and again, and again); the message `Chip content is identical to +the requested image` is also an indication of a successful +installation. + +Example output from running the command (see above): + + flashrom v0.9.7-r1854 on Linux 3.8.13-bone47 (armv7l) + flashrom is free software, get the source code at http://www.flashrom.org + Calibrating delay loop... OK. + Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6405(D)" (8192 kB, SPI) on linux_spi. + Reading old flash chip contents... done. + Erasing and writing flash chip... FAILED at 0x00001000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x0000ffff: 0xd716 + ERASE FAILED! + Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. + Erase/write done. + Verifying flash... VERIFIED. + +Thermal paste (IMPORTANT) +========================= + +Because part of this procedure involved removing the heatsink, you will +need to apply new paste. Arctic MX-4 is ok. You will also need isopropyl +alcohol and an anti-static cloth to clean with. + +When re-installing the heatsink, you must first clean off all old paste +with the alcohol/cloth. Then apply new paste. Arctic MX-4 is also much +better than the default paste used on these systems. + + + +NOTE: the photo above is for illustration purposes only, and does not +show how to properly apply the thermal paste. Other guides online detail +the proper application procedure. + +Wifi +==== + +The T400 typically comes with an Intel wifi chipset, which does not work +without proprietary software. For a list of wifi chipsets that work +without proprietary software, see +[../hardware/\#recommended\_wifi](../hardware/#recommended_wifi). + +Some T400 laptops might come with an Atheros chipset, but this is +802.11g only. + +It is recommended that you install a new wifi chipset. This can only be +done after installing libreboot, because the original firmware has a +whitelist of approved chips, and it will refuse to boot if you use an +'unauthorized' wifi card. + +The following photos show an Atheros AR5B95 being installed, to replace +the Intel chip that this T400 came with:\ +  + +WWAN +==== + +If you have a WWAN/3G card and/or sim card reader, remove them +permanently. The WWAN-3G card has proprietary firmware inside; the +technology is identical to what is used in mobile phones, so it can also +track your movements. + +Not to be confused with wifi (wifi is fine). + +Memory +====== + +You need DDR3 SODIMM PC3-8500 RAM installed, in matching pairs +(speed/size). Non-matching pairs won't work. You can also install a +single module (meaning, one of the slots will be empty) in slot 0. + +Make sure that the RAM you buy is the 2Rx8 density. + +[This page](http://www.forum.thinkpads.com/viewtopic.php?p=760721) might +be useful for RAM compatibility info (note: coreboot raminit is +different, so this page might be BS) + +The following photo shows 8GiB (2x4GiB) of RAM installed:\ + + +Boot it! +-------- + +You should see something like this: + +  + +Now [install GNU+Linux](../gnulinux/). + +Copyright © 2015 Leah Rowe <info@minifree.org>\ + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License Version 1.3 or any later +version published by the Free Software Foundation +with no Invariant Sections, no Front Cover Texts, and no Back Cover Texts. +A copy of this license is found in [../fdl-1.3.md](../fdl-1.3.md) |