1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<style type="text/css">
@import url('../css/main.css');
</style>
<title>Installing Trisquel GNU/Linux with full disk encryption (including /boot)</title>
</head>
<body>
<div class="section">
<h1>Installing Trisquel GNU/Linux with full disk encryption (including /boot)</h1>
<p>
Libreboot uses the GRUB <a href="http://www.coreboot.org/Payloads#GRUB_2">payload</a>
by default, which means that the GRUB configuration file
(where your GRUB menu comes from) is stored directly alongside libreboot
and its GRUB payload executable, inside
the flash chip. In context, this means that installing distributions and managing them
is handled slightly differently compared to traditional BIOS systems.
</p>
<p>
On most systems, the /boot partition has to be left unencrypted while the others are encrypted.
This is so that GRUB, and therefore the kernel, can be loaded and executed since the firmware
can't open a LUKS volume. Not so with libreboot! Since GRUB is already included directly as a
payload, even /boot can be encrypted. This protects /boot from tampering by someone with physical
access to the system.
</p>
<p>
This works in Trisquel 7, and probably Trisquel 6. Boot the 'net installer' (Install Trisquel in Text Mode).
<a href="grub_boot_installer.html">How to boot a GNU/Linux installer</a>.
</p>
<p><a href="index.html">Back to previous index</a></p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<p>
Set a strong user password (lots of lowercase/uppercase, numbers and symbols).
</p>
<p>
when the installer asks you to set up
encryption (ecryptfs) for your home directory, select 'Yes' if you want to: <b>LUKS is already secure and performs well. Having ecryptfs on top of it
will add noticeable performance penalty, for little security gain in most use cases. This is therefore optional, and not recommended.
Choose 'no'.</b>
</p>
<p>
<b>
Your user password should be different from the LUKS password which you will set later on.
Your LUKS password should, like the user password, be secure.
</b>
</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1>Partitioning</h1>
<p>Choose 'Manual' partitioning:</p>
<ul>
<li>Select drive and create new partition table</li>
<li>
Single large partition. The following are mostly defaults:
<ul>
<li>Use as: physical volume for encryption</li>
<li>Encryption: aes</li>
<li>key size: 256</li>
<li>IV algorithm: xts-plain64</li>
<li>Encryption key: passphrase</li>
<li>erase data: Yes (only choose 'No' if it's a new drive that doesn't contain your private data)</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
Select 'configure encrypted volumes'
<ul>
<li>Create encrypted volumes</li>
<li>Select your partition</li>
<li>Finish</li>
<li>Really erase: Yes</li>
<li>(erase will take a long time. be patient)</li>
<li>(if your old system was encrypted, just let this run for about a minute to
make sure that the LUKS header is wiped out)</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
Select encrypted space:
<ul>
<li>use as: physical volume for LVM</li>
<li>Choose 'done setting up the partition'</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
Configure the logical volume manager:
<ul>
<li>Keep settings: Yes</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
Create volume group:
<ul>
<li>Name: <b>grubcrypt</b> (you can use whatever you want here, this is just an example)</li>
<li>Select crypto partition</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
Create logical volume
<ul>
<li>select <b>grubcrypt</b> (or whatever you named it before)</li>
<li>name: <b>trisquel</b> (you can use whatever you want here, this is just an example)</li>
<li>size: default, minus 2048 MB</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
Create logical volume
<ul>
<li>select <b>grubcrypt</b> (or whatever you named it before)</li>
<li>name: <b>swap</b> (you can use whatever you want here, this is just an example)</li>
<li>size: press enter</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1>Further partitioning</h1>
<p>
Now you are back at the main partitioning screen. You will simply set mountpoints and filesystems to use.
</p>
<ul>
<li>
LVM LV trisquel
<ul>
<li>use as: ext4</li>
<li>mount point: /</li>
<li>done setting up partition</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
LVM LV swap
<ul>
<li>use as: swap area</li>
<li>done setting up partition</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Now you select 'Finished partitioning and write changes to disk'.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1>Kernel</h1>
<p>
Installation will ask what kernel you want to use. linux-generic is fine.
</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1>Tasksel</h1>
<p>
Choose <i>"Trisquel Desktop Environment"</i> if you want GNOME,
<i>"Trisquel-mini Desktop Environment"</i> if you
want LXDE or <i>"Triskel Desktop Environment"</i> if you want KDE.
If you want to have no desktop (just a basic shell)
when you boot or if you want to create your own custom setup, then choose nothing here (don't select anything).
You might also want to choose some of the other package groups; it's up to you.
</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1>Postfix configuration</h1>
<p>
If asked, choose <i>"No Configuration"</i> here (or maybe you want to select something else. It's up to you.)
</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1>Install the GRUB boot loader to the master boot record</h1>
<p>
Choose 'Yes'. It will fail, but don't worry. Then at the main menu, choose 'Continue without a bootloader'.
You could also choose 'No'. Choice is irrelevant here.
</p>
<p>
<i>You do not need to install GRUB at all, since in libreboot you are using the GRUB payload (for libreboot) to boot your system directly.</i>
</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1>Clock UTC</h1>
<p>
Just say 'Yes'.
</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1>
Booting your system
</h1>
<p>
At this point, you will have finished the installation. At your GRUB payload, press C to get to the command line.
</p>
<p>
Do that:<br/>
grub> <b>cryptomount -a</b><br/>
grub> <b>set root='lvm/grubcrypt-trisquel'</b><br/>
grub> <b>linux /vmlinuz root=/dev/mapper/grubcrypt-trisquel cryptdevice=/dev/mapper/grubcrypt-trisquel:root</b><br/>
grub> <b>initrd /initrd.img</b><br/>
grub> <b>boot</b>
</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1>
ecryptfs
</h1>
<p>
If you didn't encrypt your home directory, then you can safely ignore this section.
</p>
<p>
Immediately after logging in, do that:<br/>
$ <b>sudo ecryptfs-unwrap-passphrase</b>
</p>
<p>
This will be needed in the future if you ever need to recover your home directory from another system, so write it down and keep the note
somewhere secret. Ideally, you should memorize it and then burn the note (or not even write it down, and memorize it still)>
</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h1>
Modify grub.cfg (CBFS)
</h1>
<p>
Now you need to set it up so that the system will automatically boot, without having to type a bunch of commands.
</p>
<p>
Modify your grub.cfg (in the firmware) <a href="grub_cbfs.html">using this tutorial</a>;
just change the default menu entry 'Load Operating System' to say this inside:
</p>
<p>
<b>cryptomount -a</b><br/>
<b>set root='lvm/grubcrypt-trisquel'</b><br/>
<b>linux /vmlinuz root=/dev/mapper/grubcrypt-trisquel cryptdevice=/dev/mapper/grubcrypt-trisquel:root</b><br/>
<b>initrd /initrd.img</b>
</p>
<p>
Without specifying a device, the <i>-a</i> parameter tries to unlock all detected LUKS volumes.
You can also specify -u UUID or -a (device).
</p>
<p>
Additionally, you should set a GRUB password. This is not your LUKS password, but it's a password that you have to enter to see
GRUB. This protects your system from an attacker simply booting a live USB and re-flashing your firmware. <b>This should be different than your LUKS passphrase and user password.</b>
</p>
<p>
The GRUB utility can be used like so:<br/>
$ <b>grub-mkpasswd-pbkdf2</b>
</p>
<p>
Give it a password (remember, it has to be secure) and it'll output something like:<br/>
<b>grub.pbkdf2.sha512.10000.711F186347156BC105CD83A2ED7AF1EB971AA2B1EB2640172F34B0DEFFC97E654AF48E5F0C3B7622502B76458DA494270CC0EA6504411D676E6752FD1651E749.8DD11178EB8D1F633308FD8FCC64D0B243F949B9B99CCEADE2ECA11657A757D22025986B0FA116F1D5191E0A22677674C994EDBFADE62240E9D161688266A711</b>
</p>
<p>
Put that in the grub.cfg (the one for CBFS inside the ROM) before the 'Load Operating System' menu entry like so (example):<br/>
</p>
<pre>
<b>set superusers="root"</b>
<b>password_pbkdf2 root grub.pbkdf2.sha512.10000.711F186347156BC105CD83A2ED7AF1EB971AA2B1EB2640172F34B0DEFFC97E654AF48E5F0C3B7622502B76458DA494270CC0EA6504411D676E6752FD1651E749.8DD11178EB8D1F633308FD8FCC64D0B243F949B9B99CCEADE2ECA11657A757D22025986B0FA116F1D5191E0A22677674C994EDBFADE62240E9D161688266A711</b>
</pre>
<p>
Obviously, replace it with the correct hash that you actually got for the password that you entered. Meaning, not the hash that you see above!
</p>
<p>
After this, you will have a modified ROM with the menu entry for cryptomount, and the entry before that for the GRUB password. Flash the modified ROM
using <a href="../install/index.html#flashrom">this tutorial</a>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<p>
Copyright © 2014, 2015 Francis Rowe <info@gluglug.org.uk><br/>
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
A copy of the license can be found at <a href="../gfdl-1.3.txt">../gfdl-1.3.txt</a>
</p>
<p>
Updated versions of the license (when available) can be found at
<a href="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/licenses.html">https://www.gnu.org/licenses/licenses.html</a>
</p>
<p>
UNLESS OTHERWISE SEPARATELY UNDERTAKEN BY THE LICENSOR, TO THE
EXTENT POSSIBLE, THE LICENSOR OFFERS THE LICENSED MATERIAL AS-IS
AND AS-AVAILABLE, AND MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF
ANY KIND CONCERNING THE LICENSED MATERIAL, WHETHER EXPRESS,
IMPLIED, STATUTORY, OR OTHER. THIS INCLUDES, WITHOUT LIMITATION,
WARRANTIES OF TITLE, MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, ABSENCE OF LATENT OR OTHER DEFECTS,
ACCURACY, OR THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF ERRORS, WHETHER OR NOT
KNOWN OR DISCOVERABLE. WHERE DISCLAIMERS OF WARRANTIES ARE NOT
ALLOWED IN FULL OR IN PART, THIS DISCLAIMER MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
</p>
<p>
TO THE EXTENT POSSIBLE, IN NO EVENT WILL THE LICENSOR BE LIABLE
TO YOU ON ANY LEGAL THEORY (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION,
NEGLIGENCE) OR OTHERWISE FOR ANY DIRECT, SPECIAL, INDIRECT,
INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE, EXEMPLARY, OR OTHER LOSSES,
COSTS, EXPENSES, OR DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THIS PUBLIC LICENSE OR
USE OF THE LICENSED MATERIAL, EVEN IF THE LICENSOR HAS BEEN
ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH LOSSES, COSTS, EXPENSES, OR
DAMAGES. WHERE A LIMITATION OF LIABILITY IS NOT ALLOWED IN FULL OR
IN PART, THIS LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
</p>
<p>
The disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided
above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent
possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and
waiver of all liability.
</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
|
