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+title: Comment programmer une puce flash SPI avec la Raspberry Pi
+...
+
+Ce document existe comme un guide pour lire de ou écrire dans une puce flash 
+SPI avec la Raspberry Pi, utilisant le logiciel [flashrom](http://flashrom.org/Flashrom)
+La plupart des révisions de la RPi devrait marcher.
+
+Le projet Libreboot recommande d'utiliser [GNU+Linux sans blob]()
+
+This document exists as a guide for reading from or writing to an SPI flash
+chip with the Raspberry Pi, using the [flashrom](http://flashrom.org/Flashrom)
+software. Most revisions of the RPi should work.
+
+Le projet Libreboot recommande l'utilisation de [GNU+Linux sans blobs](https://blog.rosenzweig.io/blobless-linux-on-the-pi.html)
+sur la Raspberry Pi, pour éviter d'avoir à éxecuter des logiciels non-libres. C'est devenu
+seulement possible en Février 2017 et les instructions ci-dessous ne sont 
+pas encore mises à jour avec les étapes nécessaires, donc silvouplaît ne suivez pas les
+étapes ci-dessous à moins que vous consentez à éxecuter des logiciels non-libre sur votre
+Raspberry Pi.
+
+Cela concerne seulement les puces flash SOIC-8 pour l'instant. Le guide pour les
+SOIC-16 viendra plus tard (pour l'instant, ça devrait être facile pour vous de déduire ce
+qu'il y a faire pour les SOIC-16).
+
+
+Raspberry Pi (ThinkPad X60/T60 et Macbook 2,1)
+------------------------------------------------
+
+La Raspberry Pi (un ordinateur GNU+Linux versatile pour \$25) peut être utilisé comme
+un outil de flashage de BIOS, grâce à ses broches GPIO et son support de SPI.
+
+Note: La Raspberry Pi Model A n'est pas supportée, puisqu'elle n'a pas de broches GPIO.
+### Désassembler les ThinkPad
+
+Suivez le [manuel de maintenance matérielle X60](http://download.lenovo.com/ibmdl/pub/pc/pccbbs/mobiles_pdf/42x3550_04.pdf)
+ou le [manuel de maintenance matérielle T60](http://download.lenovo.com/ibmdl/pub/pc/pccbbs/mobiles_pdf/42t7844_04.pdf) pour
+désassembler l'ordinateur portable, jusqu'à ce que vous pouvez accéder la puce BIOS.
+
+Pour des photos, suivez le [Guide Libreboot de Récupération du T60](t60_unbrick.md).
+
+    Sur le X60, la puce BIOS est sur le bas de la carte mère, sous une 
+    couche de ruban adhésif noir protecteur.
+
+    Sur le T60, la puce BIOS est juste en dessous du repose main, mais
+    bloqué par une plaque en magnésium (que vous aurez à enlever).
+
+
+### Pomona Clip Pinout
+
+Diagram of the 26 GPIO Pins of the Raspberry Pi Model B (for the Model
+B+ with 40 pins, start counting from the right and leave 14 pins):
+
+![](images/rpi/0012.png) ![](images/rpi/0013.png)
+
+     8-pin for X60:
+
+    ~~~~ LCD (Front) ~~~~
+            8765
+            ----
+            |  |
+            ----
+            1234
+    ~~~ Palmrest (back) ~~
+
+  Pin \#   SPI Pin Name   BP (Seeed)   BP (Spkfun)   [Beagleboard Black](http://beagleboard.org/Support/bone101#headers)   [Raspberry Pi](images/rpi/0000.jpg)
+  -------- -------------- ------------ ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------
+  1        CS             White        Red           Pin 17                                                                24
+  2        MISO           Black        Brown         Pin 21                                                                21
+  3        *not used*     *not used*   *not used*    *not used*                                                            *not used*
+  4        GND            Brown        Black         Pin 1                                                                 25
+  5        MOSI           Gray         Orange        Pin 18                                                                19
+  6        CLK            Purple       Yellow        Pin 22                                                                23
+  7        *not used*     *not used*   *not used*    *not used*                                                            *not used*
+  8        3.3V           *red*        White         [3.3V PSU RED](bbb_setup.md)      17
+
+Make sure the pinouts are correct; otherwise, Flashrom will fail to
+detect a chip, or it will "detect" a `0x0` chip. Finally, make sure
+that the Pomona clip makes contact with the metal wires of the chip. It
+can be a challenge, but keep trying.
+
+### How to supply power to the flashchip
+
+There are two ways to supply power to the chip: plugging in an AC
+adapter (without turning the laptop on), and using the 8th 3.3v pin.
+
+I have found that the SST chips work best with the 8th pin, while the
+Macronix chips require an AC Adapter to power up.
+
+*Never connect both the 8th pin and the AC adapter at the same time.*
+
+Your results may vary.
+
+Reading the Flashchip
+----------------------
+
+First, visually inspect (with a magnifying glass) the type of flashchip
+on the motherboard.
+
+Next, download and compile the latest Flashrom source code on the
+Raspberry Pi.
+
+    sudo apt-get install build-essential pciutils usbutils libpci-dev libusb-dev libftdi1 libftdi-dev zlib1g-dev subversion libusb-1.0-0-dev
+    svn co svn://flashrom.org/flashrom/trunk flashrom
+    cd flashrom
+    make
+    sudo modprobe spi_bcm2708
+    sudo modprobe spidev
+
+If your chip is an SST, run this command:
+
+    sudo ./flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev0.0 -r test.rom
+
+If your chip is a Macronix, run this command:
+
+    sudo ./flashrom -c "MX25L1605" -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev0.0 -r test.rom
+
+Next, check the md5sum of the dump:
+
+    md5sum test.rom
+
+Run the `flashrom` command again to make a second dump. Then, check the
+md5sum of the second dump:
+
+    md5sum test.rom
+
+If the md5sums match after three tries, `flashrom` has managed to read
+the flashchip precisely (but not always accurately). You may try and
+flash Libreboot now.
+
+Flashing Libreboot
+-------------------
+
+Note: replace `/path/to/libreboot.rom` with the location of your chosen ROM,
+such as `../bin/x60/libreboot_usqwerty.rom`):
+
+If your chip is an SST, run this command:
+
+    sudo ./flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev0.0 -w /path/to/libreboot.rom
+
+If your chip is a Macronix, run this command:
+
+    sudo ./flashrom -c "MX25L1605" -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev0.0 -w /path/to/libreboot.rom
+
+Once that command outputs the following, the flash has completed
+successfully. If not, just flash again.
+
+    Reading old flash chip contents... done.
+    Erasing and writing flash chip... Erase/write done.
+    Verifying flash... VERIFIED.
+
+### Sources
+
+-   [Scruss - Simple ADC with the Raspberry
+    Pi](http://scruss.com/blog/2013/02/02/simple-adc-with-the-raspberry-pi/)
+-   [Flashing coreboot on a T60 with a Raspberry Pi -
+    the\_unconventional's
+    blog](https://web.archive.org/web/20150709043222/http://blogs.fsfe.org:80/the_unconventional/2015/05/08/coreboot-t60-raspberry-pi/)
+-   *Pomona SOIC Clip flashing*
+    -   [Arch Linux Wiki - Installing Arch Linux on
+        Chromebook](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Chromebook)
+    -   [Google Drive - Raspberry Pi SOIC Clip
+        connection](https://drive.google.com/folderview?id=0B9f62MH0umbmRTA2Xzd5WHhjWEU&usp=sharing)
+    -   [rPI with Flashrom and SOIC Clip
+        Powerpoint](http://satxhackers.org/wp/hack-content/uploads/2013/04/rPI_flashrom.pdf)
+
+### Raspberry Pi Pinout Diagrams
+
+  MCP   3008 Pin   Pi GPIO Pin \#   Pi Pin Name
+  ----- ---------- ---------------- --------------------
+  16    `VDD`      1                `3.3 V`
+  15    `VREF`     1                `3.3 V`
+  14    `AGND`     6                `GND`
+  13    `CLK`      23               `GPIO11 SPI0_SCLK`
+  12    `DOUT`     21               `GPIO09 SPI0_MISO`
+  11    `DIN`      19               `GPIO10 SPI0_MOSI`
+  10    `CS`       24               `GPIO08 CE0`
+  9     `DGND`     6                `GND`
+
+-   Source: [Perl & Raspberry Pi - Raspberry Pi GPIO
+    Pinout](http://raspberrypi.znix.com/hipidocs/topic_gpiopins.htm)
+
+Raspberry Pi (ThinkPad X200)
+-----------------------------
+
+### Requirements:
+
+-   An x86, x86\_64, or arm7l (for changing the libreboot.rom image mac
+    address)
+-   Raspberry Pi and peripherals
+-   Relevant SOIC clip
+-   6 female - female jumpers
+-   Internet connection
+-   Screw drivers
+
+Follow the [ThinkPad X200: Initial installation
+guide](x200_external.md) to
+disassemble the laptop, and access the BIOS rom chip.
+
+Note: `x86#` refers to commands to be run on the x86 computer, and `pi#` refers
+to commands to be run on the pi. A good practice is to make a work directory to
+keep your libreboot stuff inside.
+
+    x86# mkdir ~/work
+
+If you're running Raspian, you can do **sudo raspi-config**, enable SPI
+under Advanced and then spidev will be enabled. Simple, eh?
+
+[Download Libreboot from their releases
+page](../../download/). For your safety, verify the
+GPG signature as well.
+
+    x86# gpg --keyserver prefered.keyserver.org --recv-keys 0x656F212E
+
+    x86# for signature in $(ls *.sig); do gpg --verify $signature; done
+
+Install dependencies:
+
+    pi# sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install libftdi1 libftdi-dev libusb-dev libpci-dev subversion libusb-1.0-0-dev pciutils, zlib, libusb, build-essential
+
+Download and build flashrom.
+
+    pi# svn co svn://flashrom.org/flashrom/trunk ~/flashrom
+
+    pi# cd ~/flashrom
+
+    pi# make
+
+    pi# sudo make install
+
+On your x86 box change the libreboot.rom mac address
+
+    x86# cd ~/work/libreboot_bin/
+
+Change the mac address on the libreboot images to match yours.
+
+    x86# ./ich9macchange XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
+
+Move the libreboot.rom image over to your pi
+
+    x86# scp ~/work/libreboot_bin/<path_to_your_bin> pi@your.pi.address:~/flashrom/libreboot.rom
+
+Shutdown your pi, write down your rom chip model, and wire up the clip
+
+    pi# sudo shutdown now -hP
+
+Chip model name
+
+![](images/rpi/0001.jpg)
+
+Pinout. You may want to download the image so you can zoom in on the
+text.
+
+![](images/rpi/0002.jpg)
+
+  Pin \#   SPI Pin Name   Raspberry Pi Pin \#
+  -------- -------------- ---------------------
+  1        *not used*     *not used*
+  2        3.3V           1
+  3        *not used*     *not used*
+  4        *not used*     *not used*
+  5        *not used*     *not used*
+  6        *not used*     *not used*
+  7        CS\#           24
+  8        S0/SIO1        21
+  9        *not used*     *not used*
+  10       GND            25
+  11       *not used*     *not used*
+  12       *not used*     *not used*
+  13       *not used*     *not used*
+  14       *not used*     *not used*
+  15       S1/SIO0        19
+  16       SCLK           23
+
+Note: The raspberry pi 3.3V rail should be sufficient to power the chip during
+flashing, so no external power supply should be required; however, at the time
+of writing that has only been tested and confirmed for one chip, the
+MX25L6405D.
+
+Macronix Spec sheet so you can adjust your pinout for 8 pin 4Mb chips as
+necessary
+
+![](images/rpi/0014.gif)
+
+At this point connect your SOIC clip to the rom chip before powering on
+your PI.
+
+Power on your Pi, and run the following. Ensure you swap out
+"your\_chip\_name" with the proper name/model of your chip. Check that
+it can be read successfully. If you cannot read the chip and receive an
+error similar to "no EEPROM Detected" then
+you may want to make sure that MISO/MOSI are not swapped around, check
+with multimeter whether voltage is right and that ground is connected
+between "programmer" and target.
+
+    pi# cd ~/flashrom
+
+    pi# ./flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev0.0,spispeed=512 --chip <your_chip_name> -r romread1.rom
+
+    pi# ./flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev0.0,spispeed=512 --chip <your_chip_name> -r romread2.rom
+
+    pi# ./flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev0.0,spispeed=512 --chip <your_chip_name> -r romread3.rom
+
+    pi# sha512sum romread*.rom
+
+If they are identical sha512 hashes then you can generally assume that
+it's safe to flash your rom.
+
+    pi# ./flashrom -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev0.0,spispeed=512 --chip <your_chip_name> -w libreboot.rom
+
+It may fail a couple times, but keep at it and when you get the message
+`Verifying flash... Verified` or
+`Warning: Chip content is identical to the requested image` then you're
+done.
+
+Shut down your pi, put your box back together, and install a libre OS
+for great good!
+
+Raspberry Pi (C720 Chromebook)
+-------------------------------
+
+The Raspberry Pi (a multipurpose \$25 GNU+Linux computer) can be used as
+a BIOS flashing tool, thanks to its GPIO pins and SPI support.
+
+### [](#what-you-need){#user-content-what-you-need .anchor}What you need
+
+-   \$25 - Raspberry Pi Model B (Rev.2 or higher)
+-   \$10-20 - SOIC-8 Pomona Clip
+    -   Usually comes bundled with nice, color-colored *female to
+        female* wires
+
+### [](#raspberry-pi-pinouts){#user-content-raspberry-pi-pinouts .anchor}Raspberry Pi Pinouts
+
+GPIO Pinouts:
+
+![](images/rpi/0009.png) ![](images/rpi/0010.png)
+
+> \*Diagram made by ["Pacman" from Win-Raid
+> Forums\*](http://www.win-raid.com/t58f16-Guide-Recover-from-failed-BIOS-flash-using-Raspberry-PI.md)
+
+SOIC Pinouts:
+
+![](docs/rpi/0011.png)
+
+### [](#plugging-in-the-soic-clip){#user-content-plugging-in-the-soic-clip .anchor}Plugging in the SOIC Clip
+
+We have to connect the Raspberry Pi to the SOIC Clip as shown in the
+below diagram (using the f-f wires usually included with the Pomona
+clip).
+
+![SOIC Pinouts for C720 Chromebook](images/rpi/0003.png)
+
+(C720 Only?) The diagram depicts a "bridged" connection. You will need
+to fashion one with some copper wire:
+
+![Bridged wires](images/rpi/0004.jpg)
+
+Plug in the wires to the clip as shown below:
+
+![Pomona Clip connections](images/rpi/0005.jpg)
+
+Plug in the other end of the wires to the Raspberry Pi as shown below:
+
+![Raspberry Pi connections](images/rpi/0006.jpg)
+
+(C720 only?) Plug in the "bridged" wires as shown below:
+
+![Bridged wires connected](images/rpi/0007.jpg)
+
+Finally, put the Pomona SOIC clip on the chip:
+
+![Pomona Clip Connected](images/rpi/0008.jpg)
+
+### Flashrom
+
+[Once it's all set up, flashrom works out of the
+box.](http://www.flashrom.org/RaspberryPi)
+
+### Sources
+
+-   *Pomona SOIC Clip flashing*
+    -   [Arch Linux Wiki - Installing Arch Linux on
+        Chromebook](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Chromebook)
+    -   [Google Drive - Raspberry Pi SOIC Clip
+        connection](https://drive.google.com/folderview?id=0B9f62MH0umbmRTA2Xzd5WHhjWEU&usp=sharing)
+    -   [rPI with Flashrom and SOIC Clip
+        Powerpoint](http://satxhackers.org/wp/hack-content/uploads/2013/04/rPI_flashrom.pdf)
+    -   [Tnhh - Unbricking Chromebook with
+        Beaglebone](http://www.tnhh.net/2014/08/25/unbricking-chromebook-with-beaglebone.md)
+-   *Use a DIY DIP System to flash an desoldered BIOS chip*
+    -   [Viktak - How to recover laptop after failed BIOS
+        flash](http://diy.viktak.com/2014/07/how-to-recover-laptop-after-failed-bios.md)
+    -   [Win-Raid - Recover from Failed BIOS Flashing using Raspberry
+        Pi](http://www.win-raid.com/t58f16-Guide-Recover-from-failed-BIOS-flash-using-Raspberry-PI.md)
+
+Copyright © 2014, 2015 Lawrence Wu <sagnessagiel@gmail.com>\
+Copyright © 2015 snuffeluffegus <>\
+Copyright © 2015 Kevin Keijzer <>\
+Copyright © 2016 Leah Rowe <info@minifree.org>\
+
+This page is available under the [CC BY SA 4.0](../cc-by-sa-4.0.txt)